Abstract
ABSTRACT The northern semiarid region of Minas Gerais is an important producer of irrigated Prata-Anã banana variety, which is highly susceptible to fusarium wilt. The organic cultivation of resistant varieties may be an phytosanitary alternative, also adding value to fruits. This study aimed to characterize banana varieties produced in organic system based on chemical and physical assessments at post-harvest. Prata-Anã, BRS Platina, Fhia-18, BRS Conquista and BRS Tropical varieties were characterized at the point of harvest (green) and mature (stage six of maturation), by chemical and physical assessments. At the point of harvest, BRS Conquista and BRS Tropical banana varieties had more intense green skin color. ‘BRS Conquista’ presented lower fresh weight, shorter length and diameter than the other varieties. BRS Platinum variety had more fruit fresh mass, length and diameter. Mature Prata-Anã, BRS Platina, Fhia-18, BRS Conquista and BRS Tropical banana varieties showed no difference in soluble solids, pH, titrable acidity and ratio; BRS Platina variety had more intense yellow skin color and lower pulp/skin ratio. Greater dropping resistance occurred in BRS Conquista variety and BRS Tropical was less resistant. Prata-Anã banana variety showed higher firmness. Banana varieties differed more by the physical characteristics (skin color, size, dropping resistance, firmness and pulp/skin ratio) in relation to chemical characteristics.
Highlights
According to IBGE (2015), the national banana production in 2014 was 7,138,437 tons
In the Post-Harvest Laboratory of the Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG) located in the Experimental Field of Gorutuba in Nova Porteirinha-MG, the following banana varieties were evaluated: Prata-Anã, BRS Platina, Fhia-18, BRS Conquista and BRS Tropical produced at the Experimental Field of Mocambinho, belonging to Epamig, is located in northern Minas Gerais, irrigated perimeter of Jaíba, semiarid region
The Chroma values that infer on pigment saturation or color purity was higher in the skin of ‘Prata-Anã’ and ‘BRS Tropical’ fruits, which did not differ from ‘BRS Conquista’
Summary
According to IBGE (2015), the national banana production in 2014 was 7,138,437 tons. The southeast region is responsible for 31.82% and Minas Gerais for 9.97% of the total produced in the country. Panama disease hinders and even prevents the cultivation of ‘Prata-Anã’ banana plant in some properties of the region due to cultivar susceptibility and soil conductivity. This disease does not have chemical control and the use of resistant varieties can be an alternative, since fruits present characteristics acceptable by the consumer market. Fhia-18 is a tetraploid (AAAB) hybrid of ‘Prata-Anã’, which is resistant to black sigatoka, moderately susceptible to yellow sigatoka and tolerant to Panama disease (COSTA et al, 2012) Another variety resistant to diseases is BRS Conquista, which belongs to the AAB genomic group, ‘Conquista’ cultural subgroup. ‘BRS Tropical’ has AAAB genetic group, similar to Maçã variety and resistant to yellow sigatoka, moderately resistant to nematodes, tolerant to Panama disease and susceptible to moko (RAMOS et al 2009)
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