Quality of life, Stress, and Burnout of Italian nurses during the outbreak of COVID-19: a cross-sectional study

The impact of anaphylaxis on the quality of life and mental health of adults.

BackgroundAlthough many studies have explored the correlation between quality of life and survival, none have reported this relationship for specific cancers assessed at distinct time points. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of pretreatment Global Quality of Life (QOL) and functioning QOL, including physical, social, role, emotional, and cognitive QOLs, on mortality risk in patients with lung cancer.MethodsA literature search was conducted across the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, and PubMed databases for articles published between their inception and December 2022. Subsequently, 11 studies were selected based on predefined eligibility criteria to investigate the relationship between pretreatment QOLs and mortality risk in patients with lung cancer.ResultsPretreatment global, physical, social, role, and emotional QOLs were significantly associated with mortality risk as follows: Global QOL (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.08 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–1.13); Physical QOL (HR = 1.04 95% CI = 1.02–1.05); Social QOL (HR = 1.02 95% CI = 1.01–1.03; Role QOL (HR = 1.01 95% CI = 1.01–1.02); Emotional QOL (HR = 1.01 95% CI = 1.00–1.03).ConclusionsThese findings underscore the importance of early QOL assessment after diagnosis as well as early provision of physical, social, and psychological support accommodating each patient’s demands.Trial registrationThe International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews registration number CRD42023398206, Registered on February 20, 2023.

Depression, anxiety and quality of life in a chronic lymphocytic leukemia cohort

The purpose of this study is to estimate the influence on quality of life by the old people`s lifestyle who general gymnastics and we draw out 449 samples by using multiple-stage stratified cluster random sampling for the old people who live in Gyungnam. The result of statistics is treated by correlation and regression analysis through the SPSS 12.0 Statistics Program. We can condense the results of hypothesis into two. First, the hypothesis that the characteristics of social demography, lifestyle and quality of life are related to one another has the support in general. The characteristics of social demography and lifestyle are related to each other meaningfully except the age area. The literacy levels have a positive relation(+) to self-accomplishment and subconsciousness, the spouse or spouselessness has a negative relation(-) to psychological insecurity and the health has a positive relation(+) to self-accomplishment. The relation of characteristics of social demography and quality of life has a negative relation(-) to the physical and psychological quality of life while the rest items have a positive relation(+). But the lifestyle and quality of life partly have a negative relation(-). Especially the psychological insecurity has a negative relation(-) to quality of life in general. Second, the hypothesis that the characteristics of social demography and life style affect on the quality of life has the support in general. Except the spouse or spouselessness, the characteristics of social demography, age, literacy levels, health, psychological insecurity and subconsciousness affect on the physical quality of life and age, literacy levels, health, friendship and self-accomplishment affect on the social quality of life. Also heath, friendship, psychological insecurity affect on the emotional quality of life and age, literacy levels, health, psychological insecurity affect on the psychological quality of life.

Background: Ovarian cancer is commonly diagnosed at a late stage of illness, raising significant challenges to health-related quality of life (QOL). Increasingly, cancer is conceptualized as an interpersonal stressor that significantly impacts patients as well as their spouses. It has been suggested that adult attachment significantly impacts health outcomes by way of dyadic processes. The present study used the actor partner interdependence model (APIM) to examine the dyadic effects of adult attachment and dyadic coping on QOL, and whether dyadic coping mediated the associations between attachment and QOL. Methods: Couples (N=106) facing ovarian cancer were recruited from a comprehensive cancer centre in Toronto, ON. Attachment was measured by the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale – Revised, dyadic coping was measured by the Dyadic Coping Inventory, and QOL was measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment. APIM analyses evaluated within person and cross-dyadic effects. Role (patients compared with spouses) was examined as a moderator. Results: There were significant within person effects of anxious attachment on physical, social, emotional, and functional QOL. There were also significant within person effects of avoidant attachment on social, emotional, and functional QOL. Positive and negative dyadic coping demonstrated significant within person effects on social and functional QOL. There were no significant cross-dyadic effects nor was there evidence of moderation by role. The within person association between avoidant attachment and social QOL was significantly mediated by positive dyadic coping. The within person association between anxious attachment and social QOL was significantly mediated by positive and negative dyadic coping. Additionally, there was a significant indirect cross-dyadic effect, such that greater anxious attachment reported by one partner was associated with less positive dyadic coping and subsequently less social QOL reported by the other partner. Discussion: Adult attachment and coping as a couple are important considerations in understanding QOL among both patients and spouses. Intervention strategies to address attachment, and the behavioural system associated with attachment, such as dyadic coping, may be useful in addressing impaired individual well-being. Future studies should consider additional dyadic processes that may account for the negative effects of attachment on QOL such as intimacy.

Background: Ovarian cancer is commonly diagnosed at a late stage of illness, raising significant challenges to health-related quality of life (QOL). Increasingly, cancer is conceptualized as an interpersonal stressor that significantly impacts patients as well as their spouses. It has been suggested that adult attachment significantly impacts health outcomes by way of dyadic processes. The present study used the actor partner interdependence model (APIM) to examine the dyadic effects of adult attachment and dyadic coping on QOL, and whether dyadic coping mediated the associations between attachment and QOL. Methods: Couples (N=106) facing ovarian cancer were recruited from a comprehensive cancer centre in Toronto, ON. Attachment was measured by the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale – Revised, dyadic coping was measured by the Dyadic Coping Inventory, and QOL was measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment. APIM analyses evaluated within person and cross-dyadic effects. Role (patients compared with spouses) was examined as a moderator. Results: There were significant within person effects of anxious attachment on physical, social, emotional, and functional QOL. There were also significant within person effects of avoidant attachment on social, emotional, and functional QOL. Positive and negative dyadic coping demonstrated significant within person effects on social and functional QOL. There were no significant cross-dyadic effects nor was there evidence of moderation by role. The within person association between avoidant attachment and social QOL was significantly mediated by positive dyadic coping. The within person association between anxious attachment and social QOL was significantly mediated by positive and negative dyadic coping. Additionally, there was a significant indirect cross-dyadic effect, such that greater anxious attachment reported by one partner was associated with less positive dyadic coping and subsequently less social QOL reported by the other partner. Discussion: Adult attachment and coping as a couple are important considerations in understanding QOL among both patients and spouses. Intervention strategies to address attachment, and the behavioural system associated with attachment, such as dyadic coping, may be useful in addressing impaired individual well-being. Future studies should consider additional dyadic processes that may account for the negative effects of attachment on QOL such as intimacy.

This study explores the health-related quality of life (QOL) level and its factors that influence older heart failure inpatients. It also examines the correlation between social frailty, physical frailty, emotional QOL, and physical QOL and verifies the multiple mediating roles of social frailty and physical frailty in the relationship. This cross-sectional study collected four hundred twenty-four questionnaires from Northeast, Northwest, and South China. The research assessment tools include the FRAIL scale (physical frailty), the MLHFQ (emotional and physical QOL), and the HALFT scale (social frailty). Data analysis was performed using multiple regression analysis and the SPSS PROCESS Macro plug-in Model 4. Age (B = 0.297, p < 0.001), monthly income (B=-3.087, p < 0.001), and marital status (B=-2.295, p = 0.027) were factors influencing emotional QOL in older heart failure inpatients. Moreover, NYHA classes (B = 3.894, p < 0.001), monthly income (B=-5.531, p < 0.001), and education level (B = 3.956, p = 0.037) were influencing factors of physical QOL. Social frailty [1.6218, 95%CI (1.3006, 1.9444)] mediates between physical frailty and physical QOL. In addition, physical frailty [0.2289, 95%CI (0.0403, 0.4285)] mediates between social frailty and emotional QOL. Age, monthly income, and marital status influenced the level of emotional QOL in older heart failure inpatients; NYHA classes, monthly income, and education level are influencing factors of physical QOL. Social frailty mediates between physical frailty and physical QOL; physical frailty mediates between social frailty and emotional QOL.

Background: The physical, psychological, social, and spiritual quality of life (QoL) may be affected by breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, with mixed findings for psychological quality of life and cognitive ability performance. The present study aimed to evaluate QoL in women over 1 year from biopsy for a breast abnormality.Methods: Self-reported measures of physical, psychological, social, and spiritual QoL were obtained after biopsy results but prior to treatment initiation (baseline), 4 and 12 months later. CogState computerized neuropsychological screening battery also provided an evaluation of psychological QoL. Three groups of women including those with benign biopsy results, those with malignancy treated with chemotherapy, and those with malignancy not treated with chemotherapy were compared at 4 and 12 months after adjusting for baseline to isolate the effects of treatment. Additional covariates included are age, level of education, and income.Results: Benign biopsy results group included 72 women, whereas malignancy was found in 87 women of whom 33 were treated with chemotherapy and 54 without chemotherapy. At the time of diagnosis, women with cancer had worse psychological and social QoL but better spiritual QoL than those with benign biopsy results. Only CogState monitoring accuracy was worse for women with cancer compared with the controls at the time of biopsy results. After adjusting for QoL at baseline, women treated for cancer had worse physical and social QoL at 4 and 12 months later. Psychological well-being was worse for women with cancer at 4th month but improved at 1 year. No differences in cognition were found at 4 and 12 months when adjusted for baseline cognition and covariates.Discussion: Breast cancer is a traumatic life event for women, affecting psychological and social QoL domains, yet increasing spiritual QoL. Later, cancer treatment worsens physical, psychological, and social QoL compared with those without cancer.Conclusions: These findings suggest that interventions to improve psychological QoL may be especially important at the time of cancer diagnosis, while interventions to improve physical well-being are the most needed during and following cancer treatment. Support to improve social QoL is needed from the time of diagnosis into post-treatment survivorship.

6603 Background: Although chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) accounts for 25–30% of leukemia cases in the USA, little is known about its quality of life (QOL) and psychosocial burden. The purpose of this study was to compare QOL, anxiety and depression in watch and wait versus actively treated CLL. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 105 patients were recruited from a CLL research database. 57 were classified as watch and wait and 48 as receiving or having received chemotherapy for CLL. The patients completed a battery of QOL measures including the SF-36, FACT-Lym, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Patient Health Questionnaire. Results: No differences were found between the treatment groups on the main QOL outcome measures - Mental Component Score, Physical Component Score, FACT-G, FACT-lymphoma (15 item), BDI-II and BAI. There was a clear age effect: younger patients (&lt;60 years old) have worse Mental Component (p=0.0001), FACT-G (p=0.060), depression (p=0.014), Role Emotional (p=0.042), Mental Health (p=0.001), FACT-Emotional (p=0.0001) and FACT-Social (p=0.002) scores. Younger watch and wait patients seem to be particularly vulnerable to anxiety (p=0.052). Social and emotional QOL are statistically similar in both newly diagnosed and patients diagnosed six or more years ago, although patients do carry a greater physical QOL burden with time (p=0.05). Conclusions: Overall QOL, depression and anxiety are remarkably similar in watch and wait versus actively treated CLL, despite the latter group having, by definition, later stage disease. Younger patients (&lt;60 years old) seem particularly vulnerable to having a reduced emotional and social QOL and having more depression. Younger watch and wait patients stood out as suffering from more anxiety. Patients diagnosed for more than 6 years carry a greater physical QOL burden, but social and emotional QOL are similar to newly diagnosed patients. Implications of these findings are considered. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Purpose: Socioeconomic disparities in psychosocial adjustment to breast cancer has garnered little attention. Those who are medically underserved with little to no access to quality health care are more likely to be diagnosed with late-stage cancer, have more complications, and face psychosocial and cultural factors that impact their quality of life. Socioeconomic status (SES) is a multidimensional construct that is typically comprised of income, education, and occupation. Recent research suggests that these indicators impact cancer health in independent manners. Moreover, increasing evidence supports the health protective features of having meaning in life. A recurrent theme is resilience – the ability to regain or maintain well-being in the face of adversity. The perceived benefits one reports (e.g. better relationship quality, greater sense of self-efficacy, etc.) after experiencing a stressful life event is known as post-traumatic growth (PTG). This study examines the relationships between SES indicators (e.g. education, household income), quality of life (QOL), and the role of PTG as an underlying mechanism in the impact of SES in psychosocial adjustment to breast cancer among Chinese American breast cancer survivors (CABCS). Methods: 136 CABCS completed a baseline questionnaire from a larger, intervention study. Results: Education and household income were all positively related to overall quality of life. Education was positively related to functional QOL and additional breast cancer concerns. Annual household income was positively related to all QOL domains. Regression analyses revealed an association between household income with PTG and PTG with overall QOL. Bootstrapping analyses supported a full mediation as the indirect effect of household income on overall QOL through PTG was statistically significant. Further examining QOL subscales, PTG was associated with better social QOL and household income showed a significant indirect effect on social QOL through PTG suggesting PTG fully mediates the effect of household income on social QOL. PTG was associated with better emotional QOL and less breast cancer concerns. However, the total effect of household income on emotional QOL was non-significant. The total effect of PTG on breast cancer was marginally significant (p = .06). Analyses for education failed to reveal any significant direct or indirect effect on overall QOL and its subscales through PTG. Conclusion: These findings suggest that SES indicators such as household income and educational attainment are differentially related to QOL domains among CABCS. Household income is linked to better social and emotional QOL through reported PTG suggesting that findings benefits within adversity including reported meaning may enhance well-being. This underscores the differential role of socioeconomic indicators when assessing health outcomes and the importance of implementing psychosocial interventions that facilitate PTG in improving QOL among immigrant cancer survivors. Citation Format: Carol Wang, Qian Lu. Socioeconomic status and quality of life among Chinese American breast cancer survivors: The role of post-traumatic growth [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr A060.

Orthognathic surgery improves quality of life and depression, but not anxiety, and patients with higher preoperative depression scores improve less

Short stature in children and adolescents may lead to social and emotional stress, with negative effects on quality of life (QoL). GH treatment may improve QoL through height normalization. Our objective here was to evaluate general and height-specific QoL after 1 year of GH treatment. Prospective, single-center, observational cohort study. Children ≥ 4 years of age starting GH at our center from 2012 to 2015 to treat short stature were studied. Patients with serious diseases, syndromic short stature, or developmental delay were excluded. At treatment initiation and 1 year later, patients and their parents completed the general PedsQL 4.0 and height-specific Quality of Life in Short Stature Youth (QoLiSSY) questionnaires. Correlations between self-report and parent-report scores and between height gain and QoL improvements were assessed based on Pearson correlation coefficients. Seventy-four children (42 boys, 32 girls), median age (± SD), 10.2 ± 3.0 years (range, 4.1 to 16.6 years), were included. The self-report PedsQL indicated significant improvements in emotional (P = 0.02) and social (P = 0.03) QoL. As assessed by the QoLiSSY, children reported improvement of social QoL (+0.2 SD; P = 0.04), and parents reported improvement of children's physical (+0.1 SD; P < 0.0001), emotional (+0.3 SD; P < 0.0001), and social (+0.3 SD; P < 0.0001) QoL. Height SD score (SDS) gains showed moderate positive correlations with QoLISSY self-report score gains (R = 0.53, R2 = 0.28; P < 0.001) and QoLISSY parent-report gains (R = 0.60, R2 = 0.41; P < 0.00001). After 1 year of GH treatment, children had significant gains in emotional and social QoL, as assessed by a general self-report questionnaire and height-specific parent-report questionnaire.

PURPOSE: Compared with children with typical development, children with intellectual disabilities (IDs) are found to be less physically active and have lower sleep efficacy and quality of life (QoL). The purpose of the current study was to examine the associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with sleep efficacy and QoL in children with IDs during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Children aged between 5 and 17 years with mild and moderate IDs (N = 113) from 11 Hong Kong special schools were included in the cross-sectional study during the COVID-19 pandemic. Time spent in light physical activity (LPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior, and sleep efficacy was measured by the accelerometer and split into quartiles (Q1-Q4), and QoL was measured by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) ranging from 0 to 100. Multivariable linear regression and independent t-test were used to analyze the associations, mediating, and moderating effects. RESULTS: Positive associations were found between LPA quartiles and QoL in children with IDs during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as Emotional QoL (MD Q4 vs Q1 = 12.41, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.44, 24.38]), Social QoL (MD Q4 vs Q1 = 17.58, p < 0.05, 95% CI [2.23, 32.93]), School QoL (MD Q2 vs Q1 = 13.50, p < 0.05, 95% CI [2.19, 24.80]), and Total QoL (MD Q4 vs Q1 = 11.78, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.50, 23.06]). Positive associations were also found between MVPA quartiles and sleep efficacy (MD Q4 vs Q1 = 3.22, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.09, 6.35]); while sedentary behavior quartiles were negatively associated with Physical QoL and sleep efficacy (Physical QoL: MD Q3 vs Q1 = -18.42, p < 0.05, 95% CI [-36.23, -0.61]; sleep efficacy: MD Q4 vs Q1 = -14.78, p < 0.01, 95% CI [-24.46, -5.10]). Moreover, sleep efficacy mediated the associations of LPA (β = -0.38, p < 0.01) and sedentary behavior (β = -3.76, p < 0.01) with School QoL. Age, gender, and ID level had moderating effects on physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep efficacy, and QoL. CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity and sedentary behavior were significantly associated with sleep efficacy and QoL in children with IDs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies should aim at promoting physical activity participation, sleep efficacy, and QoL in this under-researched population.

Family and professionals underestimate quality of life across diverse cultures and health conditions: systematic review

As life expectancy increases, interest has grown surrounding the factors that may influence quality of life (QOL) for people with cystic fibrosis (CF). The aim of the current study was to examine which specific coping styles were positively or negatively associated with social and emotional QOL in a CF sample. One hundred and twenty-two respondents aged 18 and over were recruited through an online support group. Respondents completed the ‘CF Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R)’ and the ‘Brief COPE’. The CFQ-R is a disease-specific instrument designed to measure the impact of CF on nine QOL domains and the Brief COPE is a 28 item questionnaire which assesses 14 coping scales. A multivariate regression model revealed that higher substance abuse and disengagement was associated with lower emotional QOL whereas greater use of religion, instrumental coping and acceptance was positively associated with emotional QOL. Active coping was linked to better social QOL and a negative association was reported between distraction coping with both emotional and social domains. Given the burden of CF, ascertaining which factors enhance or diminish emotion and social well-being is now an integral component of QOL research. The current findings may therefore have value in informing clinical interventions which aim to cater for the psychological needs of individuals with CF.