Abstract
Nursing homes have the characteristic of being “complete institutions” or “enclosed microcosms” and the quality of life (QoL) in late adulthood is generally perceived as a multidimensional construct. Over recent years, media reports have focused on the deficiencies in nursing home residences, and a subsequent increase in the demand for instruments capable of measuring this construct has arisen. Objective: To compare the quantitative functional mobility, level of independence, depressive symptoms and QoL of nursing home residents compared with home care recipients. Methods: have analyzed the quality of life and physical and psychological disorders 400 people over 60 years old, admitted to nursing homes or living with their families through the implementation of a questionnaire covering three different indices (Barthel Index, Yesavage and WHOQOL-OLD) to assess the degree of dependence of people. Results: has resulted in a significant reduction in quality of life of older people living in nursing homes (p<0.001) compared to older usually live with their families. Our results show that the degree of physical and / or psychological dependence on our largest is the determinant for entry into a nursing home in our community (p>0.001) factor. Conclusions: the current model residences require a change that allows responding to the real needs of our elderly institutionalized.
Highlights
Quality of life of institutionalized elderly people in nursing homes: a quantitative analysis
Nursing homes have the characteristic of being “complete institutions” or “enclosed microcosms” and the quality of life (QoL) in late adulthood is generally perceived as a multidimensional construct
Media reports have focused on the deficiencies in nursing home residences, and a subsequent increase in the demand for instruments capable of measuring this construct has arisen
Summary
Las residencias para mayores parecen "instituciones cerradas" o "microcosmos independientes" centrando el interés de los medios de comunicación sólo en las deficiencias de las residencias para mayores. Nuestro estudio pretende cuantificar algunos aspectos tanto objetivos como subjetivos de la calidad de vida de nuestros mayores institucionalizados en residencias, comparándola con la obtenida en una población similar que permanecen viviendo en compañía de sus propias familias; en un intento de valorar las necesidades reales que nos permitan elaborar formas de intervención social que mejoren los problemas de integración de estos mayores dentro y fuera de estas instituciones. Entre enero de 2011 y enero de 2014 se han entrevistado 400 personas mayores de 60 años con dos características diferentes: a) personas mayores institucionalizadas en residencias de la Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia (300 personas entrevistadas) y b) personas mayores de similares características socioculturales que residen habitualmente con su familia (100 personas entrevistadas); analizando las capacidades físicas, las alteraciones psicológicas, los problemas de integración social y la calidad de vida que presentan. Características demográficas y sociales de la población de mayores que institucionalizadas en residencias y las que viven junto a sus familias (*p
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