Abstract
BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune multi-organ disease, characterized by episodes of disease flares and remissions over time, which may restrain affected patients’ ability to perform daily activities. The purpose of the present study was to characterize variation in activity limitations among well-defined SLE patients, and to describe disease phenotypes, acquired organ damage and their relations to activity limitation and self-reported health, respectively.MethodsThe disease phenotypes were organized into 4 different clinical groups and logistic regression analyses were used to identify how an elevated health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) score was related to disease variables such as phenotypes, disease activity and damage accrual. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between each group of variables – background variables, disease variables and self-reported measurements – and the degree of elevated HAQ.ResultsWe found a higher proportion of activity limitation in patients with skin and joint involvement compared to others. The presence of activity limitation, as detected by the HAQ instrument, was significantly associated with quality of life (EuroQol–5D) and accrual of organ damage using the Systemic Lupus International Collaborative Clinics/ACR damage index.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the differing requirements of the multi-professional rehabilitation interventions for the various SLE phenotypes in order to optimize the clinical care of the patients.
Highlights
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune multi-organ disease, characterized by episodes of disease flares and remissions over time, which may restrain affected patients’ ability to perform daily activities
Disease variables The number of fulfilled American Collegue of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria was registered and the study population was organized into different disease phenotypes based on the 1982 ACR classification criteria [22]
The distribution of patients with different phenotypes and/or elevated vs. no elevated health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) scores is shown in Fig. 2; observe the high frequency of patients (n = 38) characterized by skin/joint involvement, without renal/hematologic phenotype, and elevated HAQ scores
Summary
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune multi-organ disease, characterized by episodes of disease flares and remissions over time, which may restrain affected patients’ ability to perform daily activities. The purpose of the present study was to characterize variation in activity limitations among well-defined SLE patients, and to describe disease phenotypes, acquired organ damage and their relations to activity limitation and self-reported health, respectively. The clinical spectrum of various disease phenotypes is remarkably diverse and this constitutes a challenge, both in terms of clinical assessment, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment.
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