Abstract
Abstract Lake ecosystems are important elements of hydrological regime, the quality of these ecosystems is affected by anthropogenic actions, and therefore, a variety of organisms, living in these habitats depend on the applied management solutions. Due to human activities freshwater ecosystems suffer from loss of biodiversity and increased eutrophication. Therefore, important aspects related to lake management include knowledge about the water quality, ecosystem response to climate change as well as increased risks of appearance and spreading of invasive species. Water quality, content of oxygen, nutrients, phytoplankton and distribution of macrophytes, including invasive species were analysed in Balvu and Pērkonu lakes. Presence of invasive species Canadian waterweed (Elodea canadensis) was detected, however, common reed (Phragmites australis) can be considered as expansive species. The analysis of current situation and existing management measures indicates persistent spreading of those species. Significant changes of lake water quality and climate may increase possible spreading of other, more aggressive, invasive species, for example – Nuttall’s waterweed (Elodea nuttallii).
Highlights
In the present day the understanding of freshwater biota and its vulnerability due to climate changes has improved [1]
Climate change can lead to increased anthropogenic constraint on freshwater ecosystems
Studied lakes are inter-connected with several tributaries, but major amount of water in Pērkonu Lake is received from Bolupe River
Summary
In the present day the understanding of freshwater biota and its vulnerability due to climate changes has improved [1]. Climate change is expected to modify the physical characteristics of aquatic environments and intensify organic matter and energy fluxes in lakes and in their catchment area [2], [3]. This highlights the already well-known problem of freshwaters in the World and in Europe – eutrophication, which can lead to increased productivity of water ecosystems. Climate induced changes can lead to negative effects and changes in aquatic environments – with increase of water temperature fundamental ecological factors, such as oxygen concentration, patterns of hydrological influences, nutrient ratio and C enrichment can change [4]. Availability of nutrients has positive effects on the production of plant biomass, for example, Environmental and Climate Technologies
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