Quality improvement interventions targeting vaccine uptake in cancer patients: A systematic review.

Abstract

e18734 Background: Patients with cancer are more susceptible to morbidity and mortality from preventable infection. Despite this, patients with cancer have low rates of vaccination and quality improvement interventions to improve their rates of vaccination have not been well studied. Methods: We searched PubMed and Cochrane Library for studies that evaluated quality improvement interventions that aimed to improve vaccine uptake in patients with cancer. We searched PubMed and Cochrane library using keywords that covered cancer, vaccines and quality improvement. Title and abstract screening, data extraction and categorization was conducted by two authors with any disagreements were resolved by consensus. Results: In total, 13 studies were identified as meeting our inclusion criteria. Studies were published from 2014 to 2022. Seven studies studied the influenza vaccine, five studied the pneumococcal vaccine, and one studied both. Twelve studies employed multiple interventions, and one study employed a single intervention. Most studies evaluated interventions designed to increase patients’ and families’ knowledge of the vaccines and interventions designed to identify vaccine-eligible patients before their visit. All studies showed improvement in vaccine uptake after implementation of the study’s interventions. Conclusions: We found a broad range of quality improvement interventions that improved pneumococcal and influenza vaccine uptake for patients with cancer. Future studies should test barriers to implementation of these interventions and review if these same interventions improve uptake of other vaccines.