Abstract
A valid and encyclopedic evaluation method for assessing the quality of Saposhnikovia divaricata has been set up based on the analysis of a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint combined with the cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and similarity analysis. 15 peaks of the common model were obtained and used for the similarity analysis, CA analysis, PCA analysis, and PLS-DA analysis. The fingerprint of S. divaricata was established, and 15 common peaks were calibrated. The four common peaks were identified as prim-o-glucosylcimifugin, 4-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, cimifugin, and sec-o-glucosylhamaudol by comparison with the reference substance. The similarity of the fingerprints of the 33 batches of S. divaricata is above 0.9. Cluster analysis divides the 33 batches of S. divaricata into 2 categories. Principal component analysis (PCA) roughly divides them into 4 categories. Partial least squares method-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) screened to obtain 2 differential markers, the different components were designated by the reference substance as 4-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol and cimifugin. The fingerprint established by this study combined with chemometrics analysis is reasonable, effective, accurate, and simple, which makes the information more comprehensive and can provide a scientific basis and reference for quality control and quality evaluation of S. divaricata.
Highlights
Saposhnikovia divaricata, the dried root of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk., was first listed in the Shennong Bencao Jing as a top grade
Chemicals and Reagents. e following instruments were used for the study: the CLF-10C sealed grinder (Zhejiang Wenling Chuangli Medicinal Material Equipment Factory), the electric blast drying oven (Shanghai Hengyi Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.), the ME204 electronic balance (Mettler-Toledo Instrument Co., Ltd.), the KQ- 500DA CNC ultrasonic cleaner (Kunshan Ultrasonic Instrument Co., Ltd.), the HH-8 digital display constant temperature water bath (Changzhou Jiangnan Experimental Instrument Factory), the Agilent-1200 highperformance liquid chromatograph, and the Elite Supersil ODS2 5 μm chromatographic column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm). 4-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, cimifugin, prim-o-glucosylcimifugin, and sec-o-glucosylhamaudol were all supplied by Shanghai YUANYE Biotechnology Co., Ltd. e purity of each ingredient was greater than 98% as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
Content Determination and Moisture Determination. e 33 batches of S. divaricata samples were used to prepare the standard sample and the test solution according to the method under “2.3,” and the HPLC content was determined according to the chromatographic conditions under “2.4.” 2 g of samples were placed in a constant weight weighing bottle, the thickness of which was not more than 5 mm, and were carefully weighed. e samples were placed in an oven at 105°C for 5 hours, moved to a dryer and cooled for 30 minutes
Summary
Saposhnikovia divaricata, the dried root of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk., was first listed in the Shennong Bencao Jing as a top grade. The evaluation model combining HPLC fingerprint with pattern recognition analysis has been widely used in the quality control of Chinese medicinal materials (CMMs) [12]. There is no literature on the quality control of SR in different producing areas with the combination of HPLC fingerprint and multiple chemical pattern recognition techniques. In this manuscript, 33 sets of fingerprints of S. divaricata from different areas were established by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Rough the similarity evaluation combined with three pattern recognition analyses, the quality of S. divaricata was comprehensively evaluated, which provided a data reference for further improving the quality control of S. divaricata
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