Quality Evaluation of Fibre- Enriched Bread

Abstract

The advocacy on the use of composite cassava-wheat flour for commercial bread making purposes and its consumption had gained ground in Nigeria. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of coconut fiber (CCF)and corn bran (CBN) as sources of dietary fibre at different level of inclusion (0%, 5%, 10%) on the physical, chemical composition and organoleptic qualities of developed bread from composite flour made by mixing cassava and wheat flour at ratio of 10:90 (w/w). Results showed a significant reduction (p<0.05) in the loaf volume and specific loaf volume of the fibre enriched bread with increased level of fibre inclusion. It ranged from 1250 -1403.3 cm3 and 4.98 -5.77cm3/g respectively with highest values obtained from 5% CCF inclusion and the lowest value from 10% CBN inclusion The dietary fibre content of the bread loaves increased significantly (p>0.05) as the level of CCF fibre increased. It ranged from 3.79 to 5.28% with the highest value in 10% CCF level and lowest in 10% CBN fibre bread. However, result indicated that CBN fibre bread had lower dietary fibre contents of 3.79 and 3.98% compared to the control sample 0% (4.56%). The study revealed that coconut enriched bread with DF of 5.28% was able to deliver 21.12% of the Recommended Daily Intake for dietary fibre. Significant reduction existed (p<0.05) in the moisture content of the CCF fibre bread from 5 to 10% level of inclusions studied. The crude protein content of the fibre bread samples increased significantly with increasing levels of CCF and CBN fibres and ranged from 4.56 to 5.15% and the control sample (4.69%). The dry matter content of the bread sample showed significant increase in the level of CCF fibre inclusion from 5 to 10% while on the other hand, it decreased significantly from 5 to 10% corn bran fibre bread (CBN). It ranged from 66.52 to 69.56% with the highest value in 10% CCF fibre level and lowest in control sample of non fibre bread. The mean sensory scores obtained showed no significant (p>0.05) difference between 5% and 10% coconut fibre enriched bread and 10:90 cassava- wheat bread (CONTROL), however bread with 5% inclusion had the highest taste, chewability and overall acceptability scores in all the attributes evaluated.