Abstract
In this study, quality evaluation (QE) of 40 batches of decoction pieces of Gardeniae Fructus (GF) produced by different manufacturers of herbal pieces was performed by qualitative analysis of the HPLC fingerprint and ultra-fast liquid chromatography (UFLC)-triple-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with quantitative analysis of multiple components, which we established previously for QE of traditional medicine. First, HPLC fingerprints of 40 samples were determined, and the common peaks in the reference fingerprint were assigned. Second, the components of the common peaks in the HPLC fingerprints were identified by UFLC-triple-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Finally, the contents of the components confirmed by reference substances were measured. The results showed that there were 28 common peaks in the HPLC fingerprints of 40 samples. The components of these 28 common peaks were identified as 13 iridoids, 4 crocins, 7 monocyclic monoterpenoids, 3 organic acids, and 1 flavonoid. Of these, a total of 12 components, including 7 iridoids of geniposide, shanzhiside, geniposidic acid, deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester, gardenoside, scandoside methyl ester, and genipin gentiobioside, 2 crocins such as crocin I and crocin II, 1 monocyclic monoterpenoid of jasminoside B, 1 organic acid of chlorogenic acid, and 1 flavonoid of rutin, were unambiguously identified by comparison with reference substances. There were certain differences in the contents of these 12 components among 40 samples. The geniposide content ranged from 37.917 to 72.216 mg/g, and the total content of the 7 iridoids ranged from 59.931 to 94.314 mg/g.
Highlights
Gardeniae Fructus (GF), the desiccative ripe fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae), is a well-known and frequently used traditional medicine officially recorded in the Chinese and Japanese Pharmacopoeias [1,2,3]
There are some literature reports on the quality evaluation (QE) of original medicinal materials of GF [28,29,30,31,32], but there is no report on the QE of GF decoction pieces. erefore, in this study, QE of 40 batches of GF decoction pieces produced by different manufacturers of herbal pieces was performed by qualitative analysis of the HPLC fingerprint and ultra-fast liquid chromatography (UFLC)-triple-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with quantitative analysis of multiple components, which we established previously for QE of traditional medicine [33]
Interday precision, and stability were assessed by relative standard deviation (RSD) of the peak areas of the 12 components. e intraday precision was determined by six consecutive injections of 30 μL working solution A, and the interday precision was determined by six replicate injections of 30 μL working solution A, twice per day over 3 consecutive days. e stability test was carried out by using the peak areas of the 7 iridoids, rutin, and jasminoside B at 254 nm, chlorogenic acid at 324 nm, and 2 crocins at 430 nm detected in Section 2.5 of the stability test
Summary
Gardeniae Fructus (GF), the desiccative ripe fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae), is a well-known and frequently used traditional medicine officially recorded in the Chinese and Japanese Pharmacopoeias [1,2,3]. E representative components of iridoids include geniposide, genipin gentiobioside, gardenoside, shanzhiside, deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester (DAAEM), and scandoside methyl ester (SME) [11, 12], crocins include crocin I and crocin II [13], monocyclic monoterpenoids include jasminoside A, jasminoside B, and 6′-O-transsinapoyl jasminoside A [14], and organic acids and flavonoids including chlorogenic acid and rutin [15]. Erefore, strictly controlling the quality of GF is very important to ensure the safety and effectiveness of clinical medications. E original medicinal materials of GF can only be used in the clinic after being processed into decoction pieces [27]. E quality of GF decoction pieces is directly related to the safety and effectiveness of clinical medication. There are some literature reports on the quality evaluation (QE) of original medicinal materials of GF [28,29,30,31,32], but there is no report on the QE of GF decoction pieces. erefore, in this study, QE of 40 batches of GF decoction pieces produced by different manufacturers of herbal pieces was performed by qualitative analysis of the HPLC fingerprint and ultra-fast liquid chromatography (UFLC)-triple-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with quantitative analysis of multiple components, which we established previously for QE of traditional medicine [33]
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