Quality Control of the Thermal Properties of Superstructures in Accommodation Spaces in Naval Constructions

David Bienvenido-Huertas,Aurelio Muñoz-Rubio,Juan Moyano,Carlos E Rodríguez-Jiménez,Francisco Javier Bermúdez Rodríguez

doi:10.3390/su12104194

David Bienvenido-Huertas, Aurelio Muñoz-Rubio + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/su12104194

Copy DOI

Journal: Sustainability	Publication Date: May 20, 2020
Citations: 3	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Universidad de Sevilla, University of Cádiz

Abstract

The application of passive design strategies in ships, such as the use of superstructures with high thermal insulation, allows the energy demand of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems to be reduced. There is a knowledge gap in the scientific literature on the possibilities to thermally characterize superstructures. Knowing such possibilities would make a methodology available for the quality control of naval constructions and for the inspection of the appropriate state of insulations in existing ships. For this purpose, a total of three different typologies of ship superstructures were monitored, and the data obtained were analyzed by using various existing approaches for the thermal characterization of façades: the heat flow meter method and temperature measurement methods. The results showed that the heat flow meter method constitutes a valid methodology to obtain representative results. In addition, guaranteeing a thermal gradient dependent of the wall typology and placing probes in zones not influenced by thermal bridges ensure that representative results are achieved.

Highlights

The shipping industry is made up of two clearly different groups of ships according to their activity
The criterion of data filtering varied in the three case studies: (1) As for case study A, a total of four different filtering was applied with the following limit values: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 ◦C; (2) As for case study B, a total of nine different filtering was applied with the following limit values: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, and 4.5 ◦C; (3) As for case study C, a total of 14 different filtering was applied with the following limit values: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, and 7.0 ◦C
These two approaches for the convective term again obtained representative results in case study C, together with the equation of Khalifa and Marshall and the theoretical values included in ISO 6946 and ISO 9869−1

Summary

Introduction

The shipping industry is made up of two clearly different groups of ships according to their activity (cargo and passenger ships). Cargo ships constitute 90% of the goods transport on the planet [1], whereas passenger or tourist ships have greatly increased in recent years. An essential aspect in both types of ships is that the crew or users are accommodated in accommodation spaces meeting certain thermal comfort features. For this purpose, naval architects are based on some aspects of design, such as the thermal insulation of bulkheads and the use of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. A characteristic aspect of the operation of ships is the need of burning fossil fuels for the energy consumption of the ship, generating greenhouse gas emissions and other types of emissions which cause the acidification of the water. As for merchant ships, it is estimated that emissions cause up to 3% of the overall carbon dioxide emissions [3,4], and the level of emissions is similar to that of countries such as Germany and Japan [5]

Methods

Results

Conclusion