Abstract
Cell lines are a widely used pre-clinical models for biomedical research. The accessibility and the relative simplicity of facilities necessary for the use of cell lines, along with the large number of potential applications, encourage many researchers to choose this model. However, the access to cell lines from a non-confident source or through the interlaboratory exchange results in uncontrollable cell lines of uncertain quality. Furthermore, the possibility of using cell lines as an endless resource through multiple passages can contribute to this uncontrolled scenario, the main consequence of which is the lack of reproducibility between the research results. Different initiatives have emerged to promote the best practices regarding the use of cell lines and minimize the effect on the scientific results reported, including comprehensive quality control in the frame of Good Cell Culture Practice (GCCP). Cell Banks, research infrastructures for the professional distribution of biological material of high and known quality and origin, are committed with these initiatives. Many of the quality controls used to test different attributes of cell lines are based on DNA. This review describes quality control protocols of cell lines whose target molecule is DNA, and details the scope or purpose and their corresponding functionality.
Highlights
Control of Cell Lines Using DNA as guidelines for the use of cell lines in biomedical research including quality control have been published [1] and international standards related with the quality of cell lines have been defined and published [2,3,4,5,6,7], more efforts are necessary to promote the best practices in order to contribute to the reproducibility and credibility of experimental results
The aim of Good Cell Culture Practice (GCCP) is the establishment of principles for the standardization and implementation of practices for cell and tissue culture according to Good Laboratory Practice (GLP), in relation with characterization and maintenance of essential characteristics, quality assurance, recording, reporting, safety, education and training, and ethics [8]
The array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays enable genome-wide detection of Copy Number Variations (CNVs) in a high resolution, and microarray has been recognized as the prioritized test for the pathologies detection and genetic alterations resulting from modifications in the DNA sequence
Summary
Control of Cell Lines Using DNA as guidelines for the use of cell lines in biomedical research including quality control have been published [1] and international standards related with the quality of cell lines have been defined and published [2,3,4,5,6,7], more efforts are necessary to promote the best practices in order to contribute to the reproducibility and credibility of experimental results. This review focuses its attention on quality controls of cell lines based on DNA as a target, describing their corresponding functionality, and scope or purpose. Several techniques to analyse genomes at different resolution levels are available and can be used as a quality control of cell lines. These techniques can cover the full genome or be restricted to a small part, so that none can meet all the requirements of range, resolution, sensitivity, and low cost. This review promotes quality controls through DNA analysis, with an upto-date and unbiased assessment of the indications for the use of the different techniques, their applicability as quality control based on DNA, establishing recommendations for their implementation
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