Abstract
To evaluate the important Vitis amurensis germplasm, the quality characteristics and anthocyanin profiles of the ripe berries of 20 V. amurensis grapes and 11 interspecific hybrids in two consecutive years were analysed. Compared with the V. vinifera grapes, V. amurensis grapes had small berries with low total soluble solids and high titratable acids, and were richer in phenolic compounds except for flanan-3-ols in their skins but had lower phenolic contents in their seeds and showed lower antioxidant activities. An outstanding feature of the V. amurensis grapes was their abundant anthocyanin contents, which was 8.18-fold higher than the three wine grapes of V. vinifera. The anthocyanin composition of V. amurensis was characterized by an extremely high proportion of diglucoside anthocyanins (91.71%) and low acylated anthocyanins (0.04%). Interestingly, a new type of speculated 3,5,7-O-triglucoside anthocyanins was first identified and only detected in V. amurensis grapes and hybrids. Based on the total phenolic and anthocyanin characteristics, V. amurensis grapes were set apart from V. vinifera cultivars and the interspecific hybrids, for the same qualities, fell between them, as assessed by principal component analysis.
Highlights
Vitis amurensis Rupr., an important species belonging to the East-Asian population of Vitaceae, is mainly distributed in northeast China, Far East Russia and the Korean Peninsula [1]
The interspecific hybrids were intermediate between V. amurensis and V. vinifera (Figure 1, Table S1); but there were several exceptions
We investigated and analyzed the berry qualities of important and representative V. amurensis grapes and interspecific hybrids maintained in the V. amurensis germplasm repository (VAGR) of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Summary
Vitis amurensis Rupr., an important species belonging to the East-Asian population of Vitaceae, is mainly distributed in northeast China, Far East Russia and the Korean Peninsula [1]. The cold resistance of V. amurensis is the strongest among all the grape species. V. amurensis is highly resistant to white rot (Coniothyrium diplodiella), grape anthracnose (Glomerella cingulata) and grape bitter rot (Greeneria uvicola) [3]. These diseases have very adverse effects on Vitis vinifera grapes, which are widely cultivated and commercialized throughout the world. V. amurensis is one of the precious rootstock and breeding resources with resistance to cold and diseases in Vitis
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