QUALITY, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY DURING MATURATION OF ORANGES PRODUCED IN THE BORBOREMA TERRITORY

Antônio Fernando Da Silva,Vanda Maria De Aquino Figueiredo,Silvanda De Melo Silva,Bruno Martins Da Silva,Rejane Maria Nunes Mendonça,Alex Sandro Bezerra De Sousa

doi:10.1590/1983-21252019v32n225rc

Antônio Fernando Da Silva, Vanda Maria De Aquino Figueiredo + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252019v32n225rc

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Journal: Revista Caatinga	Publication Date: Jun 1, 2019
Citations: 3	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Abstract

ABSTRACT The family farming from the Borborema Territory-PB, Brazil, produces sweet oranges that supply the regional market. In this context, it is necessary to define standards of identity and quality, as well as to quantify the bioactive compounds in the fruit, in view of adding value and creating more competitive markets. This work sought to evaluate the quality, bioactive compounds and total antioxidant activity (TAA) of oranges from family farming. A 3x3 factorial completely randomized design was used, with three cultivars (Baía, Comum, Mimo-do-Céu) and three maturity stages (predominantly green, green/yellow, yellow), with 60 replications of 1 fruit for the physical evaluations, and 4 of 15 fruit for the others. The whole fruits were evaluated by color index, length, diameter, fresh weight and firmness. The juice was assessed for yield, pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/AT ratio, and ascorbic acid. Total extractable polyphenols (TEP) and ABTS•+ and DPPH• total antioxidant activity (TAA) were measured in the juice and albedo. The 'Baía' and 'Mimo-do-Céu' oranges presented quality parameters aligned with the CEAGESP standards. On average, the ascorbic acid content was higher than 45 mg 100 g-1, with ‘Mimo-do-Céu’ presenting the highest content (50.26 mg 100 g-1). During maturation, the firmness decreased, and the SS, TEP and TAA of the juice and the albedo increased. In general, the TEP content was about eight-fold higher in the albedo than juice, corresponding to the much higher TAA in this portion, thereby highlighting its higher functional potential, especially for ‘Baía’ orange.

Highlights

The orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] belongs to the Rutaceae family and is one of the most cultivated fruit trees
80% of the national citrus production is concentrated in the southeast region, in the state of São Paulo
In the Borborema Territory, state of Paraíba, citriculture is the major activity of the family farming, generating employment, income and development for the region (BRASIL, 2018), by producing table oranges to meet the demands of the regional market, with particular attention focused on Baía, Comum and Mimo-doCéu cultivars (LOPES et al, 2007)

Summary

Introduction

The orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] belongs to the Rutaceae family and is one of the most cultivated fruit trees. 80% of the national citrus production is concentrated in the southeast region, in the state of São Paulo. The northeast is the second largest producing region of the country, contributing to 11% of the national production (CNA, 2018; IBGE, 2018). In the Borborema Territory, state of Paraíba, citriculture is the major activity of the family farming, generating employment, income and development for the region (BRASIL, 2018), by producing table oranges to meet the demands of the regional market, with particular attention focused on Baía, Comum and Mimo-doCéu cultivars (LOPES et al, 2007). It is necessary to establish standards of identity and quality for the classification of fruits intended for the local market, allowing to add value to the product and improve profits for the producers. It is necessary to evaluate the content of the bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity of each edible portion of the fruit, seeking to add value to the juice, and to other edible portions of the fruit that are usually discarded (LADO; GAMBETTA; ZACARIAS, 2018; RODRIGO et al, 2013)

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