Abstract
Background Oral rehabilitation of atrophic maxillae features high complexity, for which there are several therapeutic modalities reported on scientific literature. Zygomatic implant placement is a viable option that features low morbidity and allows immediate prosthetic loading. The purpose of the present study was to determine the methodological quality of systematic reviews that assessed the effectiveness of zygomatic implants placed in atrophic maxillae. Material and Methods Searches were conducted on Medline via Pubmed, LILACS, Dare Cochrane, Scopus, and Sigle via Open Grey up to June 2019. Results Seven systematic reviews were eligible for Overview and comprised a total of 2313 patients, 4812 zygomatic implants, and a 96,72% success rate. Common surgical complications, in decreasing order, were: maxillary sinusitis, peri-implant mucositis, prosthetic fracture, and infections. Methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool, which revealed that six systematic reviews showed critically low methodological quality and one review was assessed as of low methodological quality. Conclusions Zygomatic implants seem to be an adequate option for atrophic maxilla rehabilitation, however, new studies with a higher methodological rigor are needed to provide more reliable results to professionals and patients undergoing this modality of oral rehabilitation. Key words:Zygomatic Implants, dental Implants, complications, oral rehabilitation.
Highlights
Oral rehabilitation with dental implants is a well addressed topic in Dentistry and is considered as the best alternative for the replacement of missing teeth that were lost by many reasons [1]
Several techniques to rehabilitate atrophic maxillae are described in scientific literature, such as maxillary sinus augmentation, short implants, block grafting with intra and extra-oral donor sites, pterygoid implants, zygomatic implants, and many others [1,2,3,4,5,6]
The zygomatic implant is an excellent approach for atrophic maxillary treatment, its use presents risks, such as maxillary sinusitis, oroantral fistula, infra-orbital paresthesia, peri-implant diseases, orbital perforations, and difficult in prosthetic adaptation, which may demand a more experienced and skilled surgeon to perform this treatment when compared to conventional implants [10,11,12]
Summary
Oral rehabilitation with dental implants is a well addressed topic in Dentistry and is considered as the best alternative for the replacement of missing teeth that were lost by many reasons [1]. Maxillary reconstructions involve extensive bone grafting, such as maxillary sinus augmentation and iliac crest grafting, which demand a considerable amount of time for the final rehabilitation because an initial period of healing is need, which occurs in approximately 6 months [5,7]. These interventions present a higher morbidity and may cause complications such as visible scarring, paresthesia, movement deficits, and infections [7,8]. Conclusions: Zygomatic implants seem to be an adequate option for atrophic maxilla rehabilitation, new studies with a higher methodological rigor are needed to provide more reliable results to professionals and patients undergoing this modality of oral rehabilitation
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