Abstract
Water is one of the most vital elements of ecosystem and human being, but unfortunately nowadays, the pollution of surface and drinking water is an alarming problem. The present work deals with the assessment of physicochemical and bacteriological profile of several pond, jar and tube-well water samples to ensure its suitability for using and drinking. Total 30 samples were randomly selected and collected from Nakla Paurosova of Sherpur district by following the standard procedure. Bacteriological analysis was carried out by following the standard bacteriological methods. Most of the surface water sampling points were polluted by dumping of waste, cattle wash and were not suitable for drinking or other domestic purposes. Among three heavy metals, only Iron was detected in six tube-well water samples, one was also positive to arsenic, rest of the water bodies were negative to all of these metals. In case of most of the water bodies, different physicochemical properties were below standard limit. In pond water, the Total Viable Count (TVC) ranged from 2.7 × 107 cfu/100ml to 4.4 × 1015 cfu/100ml and Total Coliform Count (TCC) were 3.4 × 105 cfu/100ml to 4.8 × 1013 cfu/100ml, where the mean concentration of Heterotrophic Plate Count (HPC) was 2.4 × 105 cfu/100ml and 1.8 × 105 cfu/100ml in jar and tube-well water respectively. On the other hand, the Total Coliform Count of supply water was 33 cfu/100ml and tube-well water was 14 cfu/100ml. Fecal coliform was detected in all of the pond water samples, four jar and three tube-well water too. E. coli was present in all pond water samples, and also detected in 80% supply and 50% tube-well water also. Shigella spp. was found in two pond water and in one supply water, where tube-well water was free from it. Salmonella spp. was also detected in 30% of pond and 20% of supply water, whereas absent in tube-well water. 50% of pond, 40% of supply and 30% of tube-well water were contaminated with Vibrio spp. The total counts of these pathogenic bacteria exceeded the acceptable limit both surface and drinking water and also showed resistance against a broad range of commercially available antibiotics. Survey-based result revealed that, peoples of the study area who were using or drinking these water, were suffering from various water borne diseases. These kinds of water sources pose a major threat to public health. So, public awareness, proper treatment and precise management are needed prior to use and drink of these water.
Highlights
Safe drinking water access for urban and rural populations in developing countries remains a challenge for sustainable development [1]
Analysis of Pond Surroundings In Bangladesh, the major causes of contamination of surface water are dumping of domestic waste, cattle washing, connection with drains and opening of the latrine into water bodies etc
Cattle washing on ponds degrade water quality and sanctions concern microbial contaminants which are threatening to human health and ecological life [32]
Summary
Safe drinking water access for urban and rural populations in developing countries remains a challenge for sustainable development [1]. The environment, economic growth and developments of Bangladesh are all highly influenced by surface water because of its regional and seasonal availability [2]. This valued resource is increasingly being threatened as human populations grow. The water quality of the surface water bodies of our country is decreasing by both conventional pollutants (heavy metals, pesticides), different organic or inorganic compounds and micro pollutants [4] [5]. Important physical and chemical parameters influencing the aquatic environment are temperature, rainfall, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide. These parameters are the limiting factors for the survival of aquatic organisms. Heavy metals are regarded as serious pollution of aquatic ecosystem because of their environmental persistence and toxicity effects on living organisms [10]
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