Abstract
The quality and toxicity assessment of foot and mouth disease virus vaccine was carried out in inoculated guinea pigs. The vaccine was developed from local isolates for the control and prevention of foot and mouth disease in Nigerian cattle. All the vaccine inputs tested were sterile and the high mean titre levels of complement fixing antibodies (92.8 and 147.2) and serum neutralizing antibodies (1.68 and 2.15), either as single dose or repeated doses inoculations. The blood immune cells parameters showed a positive immunological response due to activation by the vaccine antigens. There were increases in their population as compared to the controls. The blood enzyme profiles did not show any significant evidence of tissue or organ damage as all the results obtained were within the reference standard ranges of normal healthy guinea pigs. The findings from the study show that the vaccine could be used for the control and prevention of foot and mouth disease in Nigerian livestock. Keyword : Foot and Mouth Disease, Antibody, Quality, Toxicity, Vaccine.
Highlights
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a very important economic disease of cloven hoofed animals both domestic and wild (Chukwuedo et al, 2007)
Efforts were made to assess the quality and toxicity of FMD vaccine developed with local isolates in an inoculated guinea pigs
The results obtained showed that the materials were sterile and none of the items were toxic to the BHK-21 cell monolayer
Summary
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a very important economic disease of cloven hoofed animals both domestic and wild (Chukwuedo et al, 2007). It is a communicable, highly acute and infectious disease (Sherry et al, 2002) caused by a single stranded, non segmented, positive sense, RNA genomic virus of Aphthovirus genus (Kitching, 2002). Effort has been made to develop inactivated FMD vaccine for the control of the disease in Nigerian cattle (Chukwuedo and Nimzing, 2011). This vaccine has undergone some laboratory and field tests. Efforts were made to assess the quality and toxicity of FMD vaccine developed with local isolates in an inoculated guinea pigs
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