Qualitative screening and quantitative determination of multiclass water-soluble synthetic dyes in foodstuffs by liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry

Abstract

A LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analytical method for both qualitative screening and quantitative determination of 90 synthetic dyes including ten groups of isomers in foods has been established. An in-house synthetic dyes database and characteristic ions were also developed. Based on Q-Orbitrap HRMS, mass spectrum and fragmentation patterns of synthetic dyes were studied, which indicated that double charged ions were usually the main precursor ions. Matrix effects were successfully eliminated by the C18 d-SPE clean-up coupled with dilute and shoot approach with methanol–water (1:4, v/v) in 100-fold. For most of the compounds, mean recoveries were satisfactory between 70% and 120% with RSD < 20% at three spiked level in the range of 0.025–1.0 mg/kg. The screening detection limits ranged from 0.025 − 1.0 mg/kg. Method validation showed that the established method was efficient, rapid and high-throughput, which has been successfully applied to the monitoring of these water-soluble synthetic dyes in foods.