Qualitative research in pediatric urology

Abstract

Qualitative studies have become increasingly common in the pediatric urology literature due to their ability to enhance our understanding of physicians' and patients' preferences, attitudes, and beliefs. The pediatric urology literature currently lacks clear guidelines for reporting qualitative research. In their absence, it is challenging to judge the quality of these studies. The objectives of this educational article are to define what is involved in rigorous qualitative research studies, help readers recognize high-quality qualitative research, and provide practical skills in designing and implementing qualitative research. Acknowledging researcher biases, taking steps to reduce bias and increase reflexivity, and clear descriptions of research and data collection methods all contribute increased rigor and trustworthiness of qualitative studies. Proper selection of qualitative methodology, derived from the research question to be answered, establishes a foundation for reliable and meaningful data. As the field continues to grow, the standardization of reporting of these essential parameters becomes paramount so readers can gauge how findings can be appropriately applied to clinical practice.