Abstract
Qualitative network models and genome-wide expression data define carbon/nitrogen-responsive molecular machines in Arabidopsis and indicate that regulation by carbon/nitrogen metabolites occurs at multiple levels.
Highlights
Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolites can regulate gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana
Addition of nitrate to N-starved plants causes a rapid increase in the expression of genes involved in nitrate uptake and reduction, production of energy and organic acid skeletons, iron transport and sulfate uptake/reduction [2,13]. These changes in gene expression preceded the increase in levels of metabolites such as amino acids, indicating that changes in mRNA levels are biologically relevant for metabolite levels, if a time delay is introduced [13]
Consistent with previous findings in Arabidopsis seedlings, which consist of mostly shoot tissue [6,16], our analysis suggests that CN or a metabolite product of CN assimilation may act as a signal to control gene expression in mature Arabidopsis roots
Summary
Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolites can regulate gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Integrating carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolism is essential for the growth and development of living organisms In addition to their essential roles as macronutrients, both C and N metabolites can act as signals that influence many cellular processes through regulation of gene expression in plants [16] and other organisms (for example, [7,8]). Addition of nitrate to N-starved plants causes a rapid increase in the expression of genes involved in nitrate uptake and reduction, production of energy and organic acid skeletons, iron transport and sulfate uptake/reduction [2,13]. Sugars, including glucose and sucrose, have been shown to modulate the expression of genes involved in various aspects of metabolism, signal transduction, metabolite transport and stress responses [5,15]
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