Abstract
This study was conducted to describe a protocol for the callus establishing culture of Lavandula angustifolia plant and estimating their content of volatile oil. The quantity of volatile oil callus tissues was compared with that of leaves production. Callus was induced from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Benzyl adenine (BA) in different concentrations. Maximum callus fresh weight was obtained in the combination of 10 mg/L BA and 3 mg/L NAA which reached 18 g after four weeks. The results of this work showed that the quantity of volatile oil from the highest fresh weight callus was 6 ml compared with quantity of 18g of leaves which gave 0.5 ml. Volatile oil of leaf and callus extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry method (GC-MS) which showed linoleic acid (56.61%) and oleic acid (57.93%) as main components.
Highlights
Lavender (Lavendula spp.) is flowering plant of the mint family (Lamiaceae) that is endemic in the Mediterranean region, the Arabian Peninsula, the Canary Island and India
Leaf explants of Lavandula were cut at the end into sections approximately 0.5 cm in length under aseptic conditions and cultured on MS medium supplemented with Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (0, 1, 2 or 3) mg/l and Benzyl adenine (BA) (0, 5, 10 or 15) mg/l
The flask was left for 12 hours to ensure that the extraction of essential oil was completed, the oil distillates were collected with small dark glass bottle, sealed and stored in refrigerator at a temperature 4 °C until further analysis [12]
Summary
Lavender (Lavendula spp.) is flowering plant of the mint family (Lamiaceae) that is endemic in the Mediterranean region, the Arabian Peninsula, the Canary Island and India. Lavender essential oil is widely used in food industry because of its biological properties against growth of microorganisms, particulary Candida albicans, Streptococcus aureus and Escherichia coli [6]. Production of plant metabolites depend on many environmental factors that effect on the quality and quantity of pharmaceuticals. Plant tissue cultures have been used as efficient alternative methods that cause an increase in secondary metabolites. Among the in vitro techniques callus cultures have been successfully established to produce secondary metabolites. Lavender is one of the most important medicinal plant that production of its secondary metabolites especially essential oil. The advantages of producing valuable secondary metabolites in tissue cultures include absence of seasonal constraints, predictability of production, the rabid and efficient isolation of target compounds compare to extraction from whole plant [9]. The present study was carried out to optimize callus induction in order to provide useful offer for increasing efficiency of essential oil production
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