Abstract
The development of renewable energy constitutes a crucial role for the future as combustion of the plant biomass causes reduction of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. The purpose of the work was to determine the basic energetic and mechanical properties of pellets that were produced from Jerusalem artichoke. The mechanical properties and combustion behaviour were studied by means of mechanical strength (Zwick / Roell Z010) and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. The suitability of pellets is determined both by their energy value, which is influenced by biomass moisture, and mechanical durability during their transport and storage. The analyses were conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Bioenergetics and Food Analysis at University of Rzeszów in 2017. The following parameters were analyzed: calorific value, moisture content, ash content, Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N) and Hydrogen (H). The analyzed material was characterized by high mechanical resistance levels. Due to the very high energy value 18,85 MJ/kg and high mechanical durability, both estimated in own studies, it can be stated that Jerusalem artichoke in the form of produced pellets can be used for heating purposes. When the chemical properties were examined, it was found, that the product under consideration had environmentally friendly qualities, and did not emit unpleasant odors. Furthermore, it was mechanically stable, clean, safeand comfortable to use.
Highlights
Plant biomass is the oldest and most widely used source of energy
The production of pellets was carried out using the RAF-AN biomass pelleting line, where the material fed with a screw conveyor with a humidifier met the matrix and was pressed through the holes
There was noted a higher moisture in the dry state for coniferous and deciduous pellets(P0) 8,81 %, lower for Jerusalem artichoke epellet (T) 6,81 %
Summary
Plant biomass is the oldest and most widely used source of energy. It is an organic matter from plant and animal origin, which is biodegradable. These are residues from forestry, municipal and industrial wastes as well as vegetable matter from agriculture crops (Zabłocki, 2013, Azar, Lindgren, & Anderson, 2003). Wood pellets are a clean and convenient fuel. They are mostly produced from sawdust, wood chips and wood shavings. The need for searching new technological solutions using fuels for energy purposes means that the aim is to use both, plant biomass from extra production from agricultural production, and intentionally established energy plantations.
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