Abstract
The use of fungicides for treating seeds has become an essential measure in the control of pathogens. However, the effectiveness of many products is not well-known to some crops. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of different doses of carbendazin and carboxin + thiram fungicides for controlling pathogens and their interference on the physiologic quality of castor bean seeds. The test consisted of the following treatments (g i.a./100 kg of seeds): carbendazin (15, 30, and 60), carboxin + thiram (25 + 25, 50 + 50, and 100 + 100), formol 0.15% (v/v), and control (distilled water). The physiologic quality of the seeds was determined by germination, first counting, field emergence, speed emergence index, length, fresh and dry weight of the aerial part, and electrical conductivity. There were no statistical differences for germination and fresh and dry matter index. The treatment with formol provided lower values for first counting and field emergence. Seeds treated with fungicides presented higher values for electrical conductivity, but did not differ, statistically, among themselves. The fungi Cladosporium spp.; Bipolaris spp.; Curvularia spp.; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus niger ; Rhizopus sp.; Penicillium sp.; Rhizoctonia sp.; Verticillium sp.; Fusarium sp.; Arthrobotrys sp.; and Epicocum sp. were identified. All tested products, independently of the dose, provided efficient control for pathogens. KEY-WORDS: Ricinus communis L.; seeds pathogens; carbendazim; carboxim; thiram.
Highlights
The use of fungicides for treating seeds has become an essential measure in the control of pathogens
Médias de germinação (G); primeira contagem (PC); emergência de plântulas a campo (EPC); índice de velocidade de emergência a campo (IVE); e vigor de plântulas - número de folhas (NF), altura da parte aérea (APA), massa fresca (MF) e seca (MS), em função de diferentes tratamentos das sementes de mamona (Ricinus Communis L.) (Cassilândia, MS, 2006)
Percentagem de contaminação fúngica, em sementes de mamona (Ricinus communis L.), em função dos diferentes tratamentos (Cassilândia, MS, 2006)
Summary
The use of fungicides for treating seeds has become an essential measure in the control of pathogens. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses dos fungicidas carbendazim e carboxim + thiram no controle de patógenos e sua interferência sobre a qualidade fisiológica em sementes de mamona. Os ingredientes ativos carbendazim e carboxim + thiram apresentaram maior eficiência no controle de patógenos veiculados pelas sementes de mamona (Poletine et al 2004, Queiroz, et al 2004, Fernandes et al 2005, Ferreira et al 2006, Marroni et al 2007 e Santos Neto et al 2008), mantendo a qualidade fisiológica das sementes. O trabalho teve como objetivo determinar as melhores doses dos produtos químicos de maior eficiência no controle de patógenos veiculados a sementes de mamona e sua interferência na qualidade fisiológica
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