Qualidade de farelos de arroz cru, extrusado e parboilizado

Diracy Betânia Cavalcante Lemos Lacerda,Priscila Zaczuk Bassinello,Maiza Vieira Leão De Castro,Valácia Lemes Silva-Lobo,Beatriz Dos Santos Siqueira,Maria Raquel Hidalgo Campos,Manoel Soares Soares Júnior

doi:10.1590/s1983-40632010000400004

Diracy Betânia Cavalcante Lemos Lacerda, Priscila Zaczuk Bassinello + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1983-40632010000400004

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Abstract

O arroz é o segundo cereal de maior consumo no mundo, sendo a produção mundial estimada em 661,3 milhões de toneladas, em 2008. O farelo, resultante do beneficiamento do grão, para obtenção do arroz polido ou parboilizado polido, possui quantidades significativas de carboidratos, proteínas, lipídios, fibras insolúveis, vitaminas e minerais. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar algumas características físico-químicas e microbiológicas do farelo de arroz cru (FAC), do farelo cru submetido à extrusão (FAE) e do obtido após o processo de parboilização do arroz (FAP). Todas as análises foram realizadas conforme métodos recomendados pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária Brasileira e International Association of Official Analytical Chemists. O FAP apresentou maior teor de proteínas (17,17 g 100 g-1), lipídios (36,03 g 100 g-1), fibra alimentar (34,06 g 100 g-1), cálcio (99,45 mg 100 g-1), zinco (15,58 mg 100 g-1), cobre (1,45 g 100 g-1) e manganês (17,81 g 100 g-1) e menor teor de carboidratos (5,73 g 100 g-1), cinzas (7,01 g 100 g-1), potássio (507,55 mg 100 g-1) e ferro (6,83 mg 100 g-1). Em todos os farelos, foi detectada presença de Aspergillus sp., sendo que o FAE apresentou o menor número de colônias. Todos os farelos apresentaram padrões microbiológicos aceitáveis, para coliformes a 45ºC e Bacillus cereus, e ausência de Salmonela sp., conforme legislação brasileira. FAC, FAE e FAP possuem alto valor nutritivo, sendo fontes de proteínas, lipídios, fibra alimentar e minerais.

Highlights

Recognition of the environmental impacts of an expanding agricultural sector worldwide has led to numerous initiatives to provide management options to farmers, aiming to repair some of the environmental damage caused by agricultural intensification, ensure a more sustainable exploitation
Habitat fragmentation and its effects lead to a range of ecological and ecosystem changes
The Caratinga Biological Station (CBS) is a conservation unit of approximately 1,000 ha run by Conservation International, with altitudes ranging from 318 m to 628 m, at general coordinates 19°43’30”S and 41°49’22”W

Summary

Introduction

Recognition of the environmental impacts of an expanding agricultural sector worldwide has led to numerous initiatives to provide management options to farmers, aiming to repair some of the environmental damage caused by agricultural intensification, ensure a more sustainable exploitationJ. Recognition of the environmental impacts of an expanding agricultural sector worldwide has led to numerous initiatives to provide management options to farmers, aiming to repair some of the environmental damage caused by agricultural intensification, ensure a more sustainable exploitation. Of natural resources and improve the ecological status of agricultural landscapes. A consistent side effect of agricultural expansion and intensification has been the fragmentation and isolation of natural habitats within an increasingly unsuitable matrix for many species (Donald et al 2001). Habitat fragmentation and its effects lead to a range of ecological and ecosystem changes. Biodiversity attributes, such as species composition, community structure, population dynamics, behavior, breeding success, and individual fitness are negatively affected (Bayne & Hobson 1997, Laurance et al 2002, Fahrig 2003, Silva Júnior & Pontes 2008)

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