Abstract
In this study spatial and temporal variations in limnological characteristics of a dam located in one of the headwaters of the Sao Lourenco River (Campo Verde, MT) were evaluated. The surrounding area is used for soybeans cultivation, corn, cotton, and pasture. We examined biotic (heterotrophic bacteria and chlorophyll a) and abiotic factors (precipitation, air and water temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, total phosphorus, nitrite, nitrate, and ammonia nitrogen) at three sampling sites along the longitudinal axis of the water body, and at three depths (at the surface, the Secchi depth, and at the sediment-water interface). Samples were taken bimonthly during 2010. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between biotic and
Highlights
Abiotic variables, and principal components and cluster analyses were used to study the relationship between these factors and the variability observed among the various sampling sites, dam depths, and periods of observation
The analyses showed a strong correlation between factors such as rainfall, heterotrophic bacteria, conductivity, turbidity, and phosphorus, indicating the influence of seasonality in cultivated areas
It was observed that the variations between the sampling sites were more significant (p < 0.01) than in the water column for most of the variables, probably due to the particular characteristics of each sample point and its shallow water column
Summary
A qualidade das águas de um ecossistema aquático é o reflexo do uso e ocupação do solo ao seu entorno (Shrestha e Kazama, 2007), que afeta a qualidade e quantidade da água dos rios, em particular e podendo modificar as características geomorfológicas e intensificar as fontes de poluição dos sistemas fluviais (Zhou et al, 2012). Muitos desses ecossistemas estão alterados, principalmente com referência as suas características abióticas, uma vez que a produção agrícola é um dos principais fatores que acarretam prejuízos à biodiversidade, qualidade e quantidade dos recursos hídricos. Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar a variabilidade espacial e temporal das características bióticas e abióticas da água de uma represa localizada em área agrícola, no município de Campo Verde, Mato Grosso, com vistas a identificar possíveis mudanças espaço-temporal na qualidade da água, bem como a influência dos fatores abióticos sobre a distribuição e abundância de bactérias heterotróficas. No município de Campo VerdeMT, os possíveis impactos ambientais causados pelo predomínio da agricultura e sua consequente adoção de insumos agrícolas e pesticidas, justificam o desenvolvimento de estudos sobre a abundância e diversidade de bactérias em uma represa localizada numa das nascentes do Rio São Lourenço
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