Abstract
SummaryTerminal drought is a major constraint to chickpea productivity. Two component traits responsible for reduction in yield under drought stress include reduction in seeds size and root length/root density. QTL‐seq approach, therefore, was used to identify candidate genomic regions for 100‐seed weight (100SDW) and total dry root weight to total plant dry weight ratio (RTR) under rainfed conditions. Genomewide SNP profiling of extreme phenotypic bulks from the ICC 4958 × ICC 1882 population identified two significant genomic regions, one on CaLG01 (1.08 Mb) and another on CaLG04 (2.7 Mb) linkage groups for 100SDW. Similarly, one significant genomic region on CaLG04 (1.10 Mb) was identified for RTR. Comprehensive analysis revealed four and five putative candidate genes associated with 100SDW and RTR, respectively. Subsequently, two genes (Ca_04364 and Ca_04607) for 100SDW and one gene (Ca_04586) for RTR were validated using CAPS/dCAPS markers. Identified candidate genomic regions and genes may be useful for molecular breeding for chickpea improvement.
Highlights
Chickpea is the second most important grain legume crop, cultivated predominantly by resource poor farmers in arid and semi-arid regions of the world
Chickpea can obtain over 70% of its nitrogen requirement through symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) by fixation of 140 kg/ha of atmospheric nitrogen to the soil (Flowers et al, 2010; Gaur et al, 2012), chickpea has high calorific value (364 kcal/100 g after soybean 446 kcal/100 g; Akibode and Maredia, 2011) and high protein content (18%–25%)
Phenotypic data for 100-seed weight (100SDW) showed a skewed segregation towards the tolerant parent ICC 4948 (Figure S2), with trait values of recombinant inbred line (RIL) ranging between 12.24 and 30.80 g [values for parental lines: 30.65 g Æ 2.65 (ICC 4958); 14.03 g Æ 3.21 (ICC 1882)]
Summary
Chickpea is the second most important grain legume crop, cultivated predominantly by resource poor farmers in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Annual global production of chickpea is around 13.1 million tons from 13.5 Mha (FAOSTAT, 2013). India is the major chickpea producing country, producing 67% of the world’s chickpea in 2013 (FAOSTAT, 2013). Besides being an important source of protein for millions of people in developing countries, in South Asia, it is a rich source of fibre, minerals (phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc) and b-carotene. Chickpea can obtain over 70% of its nitrogen requirement through symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) by fixation of 140 kg/ha of atmospheric nitrogen to the soil (Flowers et al, 2010; Gaur et al, 2012), chickpea has high calorific value (364 kcal/100 g after soybean 446 kcal/100 g; Akibode and Maredia, 2011) and high protein content (18%–25%). Several biotic and abiotic stresses have been limiting the chickpea productivity especially in India, which happens to be the largest producer and consumer as well. With the expansion in international trade for chickpea, several developing countries (e.g. Ethiopia), as well as developed countries (e.g. Australia, Canada), have been emerging as major exporters of chickpea to India
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