Abstract
Leaf rust (LR) and stem rust (SR) pose serious challenges to wheat production in Kazakhstan. In recent years, the susceptibility of local wheat cultivars has substantially decreased grain yield and quality. Therefore, local breeding projects must be adjusted toward the improvement of LR and SR disease resistances, including genetic approaches. In this study, a spring wheat segregating population of Pamyati Azieva (PA) × Paragon (Par), consisting of 98 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), was analyzed for the resistance to LR and SR at the seedling and adult plant-growth stages. In total, 24 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to rust diseases at the seedling and adult plant stages were identified, including 11 QTLs for LR and 13 QTLs for SR resistances. Fourteen QTLs were in similar locations to QTLs and major genes detected in previous linkage mapping and genome-wide association studies. The remaining 10 QTLs are potentially new genetic factors for LR and SR resistance in wheat. Overall, the QTLs revealed in this study may play an important role in the improvement of wheat resistance to LR and SR per the marker-assisted selection approach.
Highlights
IntroductionIn 2018/2019, the global production of wheat was 734.7 million metric tons, ranking second place amongst the grains after maize [1]
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major cereal crops in the world
The recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population was obtained via a single-seed descent method using two parental cultivars: Paragon and Pamyati Azieva [29]
Summary
In 2018/2019, the global production of wheat was 734.7 million metric tons, ranking second place amongst the grains after maize [1]. It is used mostly as flour for the production of a large variety of leavened and flat breads and the manufacturing of a wide range of other baked products [2]. In 2018/2019, Kazakhstan was ranked the 12th largest wheat producer in the world [3]. The primary goals of modern wheat breeding programs worldwide include enhancing grain yield and quality and increasing resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses to ensure global food security [5]. Biotic stresses include dangerous fungal diseases and the most common representatives of the Puccinia genus: Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm f. sp. tritici, causing leaf rust (LR), and Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & Henn., which is responsible for stem rust (SR) of wheat
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