Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistant line Soru#1 was hybridized with the German cultivar Naxos to generate 131 recombinant inbred lines for QTL mapping. The population was phenotyped for FHB and associated traits in spray inoculated experiments in El Batán (Mexico), spawn inoculated experiments in Ås (Norway) and point inoculated experiments in Nanjing (China), with two field trials at each location. Genotyping was performed with the Illumina iSelect 90K SNP wheat chip, along with a few SSR and STS markers. A major QTL for FHB after spray and spawn inoculation was detected on 2DLc, explaining 15–22% of the phenotypic variation in different experiments. This QTL remained significant after correction for days to heading (DH) and plant height (PH), while another QTL for FHB detected at the Vrn-A1 locus on 5AL almost disappeared after correction for DH and PH. Minor QTL were detected on chromosomes 2AS, 2DL, 4AL, 4DS and 5DL. In point inoculated experiments, QTL on 2DS, 3AS, 4AL and 5AL were identified in single environments. The mechanism of resistance of Soru#1 to FHB was mainly of Type I for resistance to initial infection, conditioned by the major QTL on 2DLc and minor ones that often coincided with QTL for DH, PH and anther extrusion (AE). This indicates that phenological and morphological traits and flowering biology play important roles in resistance/escape of FHB. SNPs tightly linked to resistance QTL, particularly 2DLc, could be utilized in breeding programs to facilitate the transfer and selection of those QTL.
Highlights
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat globally, leading to yield losses, quality degradation, and mycotoxin contamination, greatly threatening food and feed safety [1]
The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) has developed numerous FHB resistant breeding lines [22], among which Shanghai-3/Catbird (SHA3/CBRD) was characterized in a previous study and the results indicated a major QTL on 2DLc for Type I FHB resistance and several minor QTL, which were often associated with anther extrusion (AE) or plant height (PH) [16]
Phenological and morphological traits like days to heading (DH) and PH are often reported to be associated with field resistance to FHB [18, 20], which was true for the current study
Summary
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat globally, leading to yield losses, quality degradation, and mycotoxin contamination, greatly threatening food and feed safety [1]. Miller and Arnison [11] and Mesterhazy [12] suggested three other mechanisms, i.e. Type III for toxin accumulation, Type IV for kernel infection, and Type V for yield reduction. Of these five mechanisms, Type II was regarded as the most effective and was extensively investigated; but the other components except Type V have been increasingly scrutinized in the last decade [8]. Among the post-harvest traits, DON content and Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK) were related to Type III and Type IV resistance, respectively [8]
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