Abstract
In this study, only two of 12 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting yield and yield components were identified in a single year, indicating that individual QTLs are probably sensitive to the environment. A rice growth survey of “Cheongcheong” and “Nag dong” in a doubled haploid population in 2012 revealed that yield capacity was influenced by climate change. Analysis of yield and yield components indicated that five average traits are high in “Cheongcheong”. Frequency distribution tables indicated that panicles per plant (PPP), spike lets per panicle (SPP), and 1000-grain weight (TGW) were normally distributed. The strongest relationship was identified between SPP and seed set percentage (SSP) among phenotypic correlations related to yield and yield components found on chromosomes 2, 3, 6, 8 in 2012. SPP and SSP was a very relevant requisite about quantity. Analysis of QTL about quantity was total 9. In the present study, a doubled haploid population was used to analyze the epistatic effects on yield and yield components in rice. Although other epistatic QTLs were not included in any of the main-effect QTLs, they significantly influenced the traits. These results indicated that epistatic interaction plays an important role in controlling the expression of complex traits. Thus, the utilization of marker-assisted selection in rice breeding programs should take epistatic effects into consideration. Hence, the QTLs responsible for major effects are more suitable for marker-assisted selection programs to improve yield and related traits across different environments.
Highlights
Rice, which is one of the most important crops grown worldwide, is eaten by more than half of the world’s population
Phenotypic transgressive and continuous variations were observed for most traits. 2012 “Nagdong” had higher values for spike lets per panicle, seed set percentage, and grain yield, while 2012 “Cheongcheong” had higher panicles per plant and 1000-grain weight
Only 9 QTLs affecting yield and yield components were identified in a single year, indicating that individual QTLs are sensitive to the environment
Summary
Rice, which is one of the most important crops grown worldwide, is eaten by more than half of the world’s population. Rice consists of the indica, japonica, and javanica types. These phenotypes developed under different environmental conditions, and are clearly distinguished by the country in which they are grown. Tongilbyeo was bred by cross breeding indica and japonica in the late 1960s, and has been bred ever since. Improved japonica varieties are mainly being grown, tongilbyeo-type varieties are grown for application-specific purposes. The development of rice cultivars has been successful, but the world’s population continues to suffer from famines. Continuous study into ways to increase the rice yield may be necessary
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