QT dispersion in patients with Duchenne-type progressive muscular dystrophy

Abstract

Background A high degree of QT dispersion is a risk factor for arrhythmic sudden death in patients with myocardial infarction and cardiomyopathy. Duchenne-type progressive muscular dystrophy (DMD) is also associated with the development of ventricular arrhythmias. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between QT interval dispersion and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with DMD. Methods Sixty-seven patients with DMD were studied. Standard 12-lead electrocardiograms and 24-hour Holter electrocardiograms were recorded, and the QT interval was determined in every lead of the standard electrocardiogram to determine the QT dispersion. QT dispersion was compared with the frequency of ventricular arrhythmias and the severity of skeletal muscle damage on the basis of the Swinyard and Deaver 8-stage scale. Results QT dispersion in all 67 patients averaged 54 ± 18 ms. The QT dispersion was 49 ± 16 ms in stage 5 patients, 61 ± 22 ms in stage 6 patients, 52 ± 17 ms in stage 7 patients, and 56 ± 17 ms in stage 8 patients. Ventricular arrhythmias of Lown grade III or higher were observed in 3 of 35 patients with QT dispersion <60 ms and in 14 of 32 patients with QT dispersion ≥60 ms. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that QT dispersion is an independent risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias of grade III or higher in patients with DMD. Conclusions The incidence of ventricular arrhythmias of Lown grade III or higher was greater in patients with QT dispersion ≥60 ms than in patients with QT dispersion >60 ms. QT dispersion therefore is a risk factor for serious ventricular arrhythmias in patients with DMD. (Am Heart J 1999;137:672-7.)