QT dispersion in children with ventricular arrhythmia and a structurally normal heart.

Abstract

In adults, increased QT dispersion has been shown to predict arrhythmic risk as well as risk of sudden death in several clinical settings. It is not known whether or not QT dispersion is increased in children with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmia. We studied three groups of children: (1) 20 patients with idiopathic VT (aged 3-18 years; mean 11.2 years); (2) 30 patients with benign PVCs (aged 1-20 years; mean 10.5 years); and (3) 30 control subjects (aged 4-17 years; mean 12 years). Standard ECGs were reviewed and the dispersion of both QT and JT intervals was compared. No patient had structural heart disease or long QT syndrome. The QT and QTc dispersion (QT delta, QTc delta) among the three groups did not differ: QTc delta of the VT group was 70 ms +/- 30 ms, QTc delta of PVC patients was 60 ms +/- 30 ms, and the QTc delta of the control group was 65 ms +/- 30 ms. The JTc delta among the three groups did not differ as well: JTc delta of the VT group was 70 ms +/- 30 ms, the JTc delta of the PVC group was 60 msec +/- 25 msec, and the JTc delta of the control group was 70 ms +/- 30 ms. We conclude that QT and JT dispersion are not significantly altered in children with idiopathic VT or benign PVCs when compared to control subjects. QT dispersion is not a reliable marker for arrhythmic risk in children with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias and structurally normal hearts.