Abstract
We have demonstrated that an appropriately designed semiconductor saturable absorber can reliably start and sustain stable mode locking of solid-state lasers such as Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF, Nd:glass, Cr:LiSAF and Ti:sapphire lasers. Especially for solid-state lasers with rather long upper state lifetimes, previous attempts to produce self-starting passive mode locking with semiconductor saturable absorbers was always accompanied by self-Q-switching. Here, we derive criteria that characterize the dynamic behaviour of solid state lasers in the important regimes of Q-switching, Q-switched mode locking and continuous wave mode locking in the picosecond and femtosecond range for the pulsewidth. We demonstrate that semiconductor absorbers can be designed to predetermine the dynamic behaviour of a laser for a given solid state laser material and present an experimental verification. This allows for the development and design of robust, compact, pico- and femtosecond solid-state laser sources for scientific and industrial applications.
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