QnAs with Robert C. Malenka

Abstract

Experiences bridge brain circuitry with behavior, affecting our ability to learn and remember. By influencing the nature of neurotransmission across synapses—junctions between nerve cells—experiences can physically shape the mind. Those influences, collectively termed synaptic plasticity, have been a focus of study for neuroscientist Robert Malenka for more than two decades. Malenka, a member of the National Academy of Sciences, has uncovered molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity. Along the way, he has pinpointed changes in a raft of synaptic proteins that can alter the efficacy of neurotransmission across synapses. An offshoot of his studies on synaptic plasticity, Malenka’s work on how drugs such as cocaine and amphetamines can affect synapses in various brain regions has revealed insights into the biological basis of drug addiction. Malenka offers a primer on synaptic plasticity for PNAS readers. Robert C. Malenka. > PNAS:You have worked on different forms of synaptic plasticity in the brain. Can you explain the concept? > Malenka:Plasticity refers to the ability of experiences to modify the organization and behavior of neural circuits in the brain and, as a consequence, to modify our thoughts, feelings, and behavior. Most neuroscientists recognize three forms of plasticity. One is the activity-dependent alteration of the connections among neurons, such as the creation of new synapses and …