Abstract
Fully relativistic approach to evaluate the correlation effects in highly charged ions is presented. The interelectronic-interaction contributions of first and second orders in $1/Z$ are treated rigorously within the framework of bound-state quantum electrodynamics, whereas the calculations of the third- and higher-order contributions are based on the Dirac-Coulomb-Breit Hamiltonian. The developed approach allows one to deal with single as well as degenerate or quasi-degenerate states. We apply this approach to the calculations of the correlation contributions to the $n=1$ and $n=2$ energy levels in heliumlike ions. The obtained contributions are combined with the one-electron and screened QED corrections, nuclear recoil and nuclear polarization corrections to get the total theoretical predictions for the ionization and transition energies in high-$Z$ heliumlike ions.
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