QDCT-Based Blind Color Image Watermarking With Aid of GWO and DnCNN for Performance Improvement

Ling-Yuan Hsu,Hwai-Tsu Hu

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3127917

Abstract

QDCT-Based Blind Color Image Watermarking With Aid of GWO and DnCNN for Performance Improvement

Highlights

The widespread availability of editing tools for digital content has led to increasing levels of theft and manipulation of intellectual property
Image watermarking techniques can be divided into those implemented in the spatial domain and those implemented in the transform domain
Typical methods in the transform domain include those based on the discrete cosine transform (DCT) [8,9,10,11], discrete wavelet transform (DWT) [12, 13], and discrete Fourier transform (DFT) [14, 15]

Summary

INTRODUCTION

The widespread availability of editing tools for digital content has led to increasing levels of theft and manipulation of intellectual property. Watermarking in the transform domain involves converting image pixel values in the spatial domain into transform coefficients supposed to use in watermark embedding and extraction. The watermark is embedded into the selected components Such quaternion-based watermarking makes it possible to take into account three color channels as a whole and achieve a balanced improvement in the payload capacity, imperceptibility, and robustness. The scheme proposed by Li et al [18] transformed the host image into the QDCT domain, where the watermark was embedded in the coefficient of the unitary matrix after singular value decomposition (SVD). QDCT was performed on each color image block, wherein one real component ( A ) and three imaginary components (i.e., C , D , and E ) were transformed using Eqs. After all of the watermarks have been embedded, the color block image is reconstructed using inverse QDCT following Eqs.

MI NI

QDFT 14

QDFT 20

QDFT 20 was better than

WATERMARK ENHANCEMENT THROUGH DENOISING

CONCLUSION