Abstract
Horizontal wells as a source of livestock water are a recent development in the southwestern United States (W&hat and Freeman, 1973). They should have an important place on arid and semiarid ranges throughout the western part of North America and elsewhere. The basic concept of the horizontal well or qanat originated in Persia some 2,500 years ago. The expansion of the Persian Empire, beginning in the fifth centruy B.C., carried the idea from the Indus to the Nile and into Afganistan and China. Then the Islamic conquest extended the qanat to Cyprus, West Africa, Spain, and the Canary Islands. Similar structures are found in Mexico, Peru, and Chile, perhaps brought by the Spaniards, but perhaps an independent discovery by pre-Columbian New World people.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
