Q-value effects on the production of superheavy nuclei

Abstract

The formation of superheavy nucleus {sup 270}Hs via the 4n evaporation channel of fusion reactions {sup 26}Mg+{sup 248}Cm, {sup 30}Si+{sup 244}Pu, {sup 36}S+{sup 238}U, and {sup 48}Ca+{sup 226}Ra is studied using a two-parameter Smoluchowski equation. The evaporation residual cross sections of the reactions {sup 48}Ca+{sup 226}Ra and {sup 36}S+{sup 238}U are obviously enhanced because of their large negative Q values. The enhancement is due to the fact that the excitation energy corresponding to the maximum yield of the evaporation residue depends on the reaction Q value, and the maximum cross section sensitively depends on the increment of this excitation energy relative to the effective threshold energy of which the channel for fission after 4n emission opens.