Abstract
To assess Q fever in France, we analyzed data for 1985–2009 from the French National Reference Center. A total of 179,794 serum samples were analyzed; 3,723 patients (one third female patients) had acute Q fever. Yearly distribution of acute Q fever showed a continuous increase. Periodic variations were observed in monthly distribution during January 2000–December 2009; cases peaked during April–September. Q fever was diagnosed more often in patients in southeastern France, where our laboratory is situated, than in other areas. Reevaluation of the current positive predictive value of serologic analysis for endocarditis was performed. We propose a change in the phase I (virulent bacteria) immunoglobulin G cutoff titer to >1,600. Annual incidences of acute Q fever and endocarditis were 2.5/100,000 persons and 0.1/100,000 persons, respectively. Cases and outbreaks of Q fever have increased in France.
Highlights
To assess Q fever in France, we analyzed data for 1985–2009 from the French National Reference Center
Acute Q fever is defined as primary infection with C. burnetii, and
Chronic Q fever is defined as an infection that lasts 6 months and has a phase I immunoglobulin (Ig) titer >800
Summary
To assess Q fever in France, we analyzed data for 1985–2009 from the French National Reference Center. The report describes the number of acute and chronic Q fever cases for the year. Serum samples positive for total antibodies against Q fever at 1:100 dilution were tested by IFA to determine the IgG, IgM, and IgA titers for phases I and II.
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