Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OVCA) has the second highest mortality among all gynecological cancers worldwide due to its complexity and difficulty in early-stage diagnosis and a lack of targeted therapy. Modern strategies of OVCA treatment involve debulking surgery combined with chemotherapy. Nonetheless, the current treatment is far from satisfactory sometimes and therefore the demand for novel therapeutic measures needs to be settled. Pyroptosis is a notable form of programmed cell death characterized by influx of sodium with water, swelling of cells, and finally osmotic lysis, which is distinctive from numerous classes of programmed cell death. So far, four major pathways underlying mechanisms of pyroptosis have been identified and pyroptosis is indicated to be connected with a variety of disorders including cancerous diseases. Interestingly enough, pyroptosis plays an important role in ovarian cancer with regard to long non-coding RNAs and several regulatory molecules, as is shown by previously published reports. In this review, we summarized major pathways of pyroptosis and the current research foundations of pyroptosis and ovarian cancer, anticipating enriching the thoughts for the treatment of ovarian cancer. What is more, some problems yet unsolved in this field were also raised to hopefully propose several potential threads of OVCA treatment and research directions in future.
Highlights
Among all gynecological cancers, ovarian cancer (OVCA) does not represent the largest portion of new cases, but it is the cancer type with the second highest mortality worldwide [1, 2]
In this review, we mainly summarized some cardinal mechanisms of pyroptosis and discussed the relationship between pyroptosis and ovarian cancer with an emphasis on the current study foundations, hopefully to provide some potential perspectives in OVCA treatment
As pyroptosis was first coined in 2001, it is mostly concerned with inflammation [34] and largely depends on the assembly of a crucial component, the inflammasome complex, which is composed of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), procaspase1, and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) (Figure 1)
Summary
Ovarian cancer (OVCA) does not represent the largest portion of new cases, but it is the cancer type with the second highest mortality worldwide [1, 2]. Pyroptosis and Ovarian Cancer Treatment symptoms at the early stage. Interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3)-mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) pathway and the downregulation of caspase-8 simultaneously [14] As another newfound PCD, the physiological roles of ferroptosis remain intangible but it shows great potential in tumors. It is a promising area of cancer treatment [18, 19]. In this review, we mainly summarized some cardinal mechanisms of pyroptosis and discussed the relationship between pyroptosis and ovarian cancer with an emphasis on the current study foundations, hopefully to provide some potential perspectives in OVCA treatment
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