Abstract
Pyrophanite and pyrophanite-rich ilmenite have been identified in a wide variety of geological environments in Western and Central Nigeria, despite their normal restricted occurrence in acid- and alkaline-carbonate suites. In the Anka Belt unusually composed mixed crystals consisting of pyrophanite-geikielite-ilmenite occur as a late stage of ore mineralization in a serpentinite, together with manganoan chromite and Mg-bearing magnetite; in the Maru and Maska Belts pyrophanite and pyrophanite-rich ilmenite are in epigenetic manganese mineralization in low grade metamorphic rocks—quartz mineralization and pyrophanite-bearing ilmenite in amphibolites of the same occurrence. On the Jos Plateau pyrophanite occurs in Pan-African pegmatites. The related granites of this area contain ilmenite with MnO contents between 1.0 and 5.2 weight %. The association of pyrophanite with high temperature magmatic events of Pan-African age is thought to demonstrate a geochemical province associated with the geotectonic evolution of the Nigerian Pan-African terrain by plate tectonic related processes.
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