Abstract
This research aimed to determine the chemical composition of Rawapening, Semarang District, Indonesia water hyacinth and to study the effect of pyrolysis time on the volume of liquid smoke products. The water hyacinth was cut into pieces with a size of about 2 cm to 3 cm, and placed in pyrolisator. A total of 700 g of water hyacinth sample was fed into the pyrolysis. The product was observed for its content of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin. The pyrolysis was carried out at a temperature of 117 °C, 400 °C and 683 °C. The results showed that water hyacinth contains hemicellulose 36 % d.b, cellulose 21 % d.b and lignin 7 % d.b which it potential to be a raw material for liquid smoke production. The effect of temperature was significant on liquid smoke products. It was proven that the higher the pyrolysis temperature, the greater the liquid smoke produced. The liquid smoke was obtained for 0.2 mL per 100 g, 12.3 mL per 100 g and 16.3 mL per 100 g dried biomass water hyacinth at a temperature of 117 °C, 400 °C and 683 °C, respectively.
Highlights
Environmental sustainability around Rawa Pening, Semarang District, Indonesia has changed due to the density of water hyacinth weeds [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms]
The results showed that water hyacinth contains hemicellulose 36 % d.b, cellulose 21 % d.b and lignin 7 % d.b which it potential to be a raw material for liquid smoke production
It was proven that the higher the pyrolysis temperature, the greater the liquid smoke produced
Summary
Environmental sustainability around Rawa Pening, Semarang District, Indonesia has changed due to the density of water hyacinth weeds [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms]. Eutrophication is the presence of excess nutrients in the form of nitrate and phosphate which are sourced from agricultural activities, fisheries, settlements, and livestock from the land around the lake. This is the factor made water hyacinth grew quickly and short time to multiply [1]. The results slow primary pyrolysis are carbon, water, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Rapid primary pyrolysis that occurs at temperatures over 300 °C will produce gas, carbon and steam [2]. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition of Rawapening's water hyacinth and to study the effect of pyrolysis time on the volume of liquid smoke products
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