Abstract
The objective of this research was to analyze the influence of two different heating rates (2.67 °C/min, 0.67 °C/min), reaching 500 °C as final temperature in pyrolysis, on the chemical composition of the pyroligneous liquor produced. Three pyrolysis sessions were performed for each heating rate on Eucalyptus urograndis wood chips in an oven-muffle connected to a gas-collecting system. The gravimetric yield was calculated, and the chemical compounds of pyroligneous liquors were identified through gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. Heating rates did not affect the gravimetric yield of final products. However, qualitative differences were observed in the chemical composition of pyroligneous liquors produced. The presence of 1-hidroxy 2-propanone, 4-methylphenol (p-cresol), and 5-hidroxymethyl 2-furaldehyde compounds was detected only in the pyroligneous liquor produced at the highest heating rate (2.67 °C/min).
Highlights
Charcoal production is based on the pyrolysis process of wood or other vegetable biomass, which in the current industrial practice is called carbonization
All carbonizations started at an initial temperature of 100 °C, which was held for 30 minutes before increasing, and reached a final temperature of 500 °C, which was held for 30 minutes
The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated no statistical differences for the gravimetric yields of pyroligneous liquor (p = 0.6801) and charcoal (p = 0.0971) at the different heating rates applied
Summary
Charcoal production is based on the pyrolysis process of wood or other vegetable biomass, which in the current industrial practice is called carbonization. In theory, this process can be considered as the heating of a solid material in an inert atmosphere with an average temperature of 500 °C [1]. The carbonization process produces volatile materials that can be divided into two distinct fractions: one condensable and the other non-condensable. The yield of products is a function of the characteristics of the biomass to be treated, as well as the pyrolysis method applied and the process parameters, such as: I. Pressure [1,2]
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