Pyostomatitis vegetans (PSV)-pyodermatitis vegetans (PDV): A clinicopathologic study of 7 cases at a tertiary referral center

Abstract

Pyostomatitis vegetans (PSV)-pyodermatitis vegetans (PDV) is a rare inflammatory mucocutaneous disease associated with inflammatory bowel disease. We sought to evaluate the clinicopathologic findings of PSV-PDV in a series of 7 patients. We conducted a retrospective review of all cases of PSV-PDV at the Mayo Clinic from 1995 to 2014. Seven patients with PSV-PDV were included, and all had inflammatory bowel disease. Three had Crohn's disease and 4 had ulcerative colitis. Three patients had peripheral blood eosinophilia. Two had concomitant pyoderma gangrenosum in which pyoderma gangrenosum lesions were recalcitrant to therapy.Primary sclerosing cholangitis was seen in 3 patients. Two patients had direct and 3 had indirectimmunofluorescence findings. Tissue eosinophilia was seen in the majority of mucosal and cutaneous lesions. Limited sample size and retrospective study design are limitations. PSV-PDV is associated with inflammatory bowel disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis and may precede gastrointestinal symptoms. Immunofluorescence findings in select PSV-PDV cases may indicate possible overlap with autoimmune bullous disease. Tissue eosinophilia may be helpful in distinguishing PSV-PDV from pyoderma gangrenosum. Strict control of bowel disease and close monitoring of patients with subclinical disease is warranted.