Abstract
Designing chaotic oscillators using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit technology for generating multi-scroll attractors has been a challenge. That way, we introduce a current-mode piecewise-linear (PWL) function based on CMOS cells that allow programmable generation of 2–7-scroll chaotic attractors. The mathematical model of the chaotic oscillator designed herein has four coefficients and a PWL function, which can be varied to provide a high value of the maximum Lyapunov exponent. The coefficients are implemented electronically by designing operational transconductance amplifiers that allow programmability of their transconductances. Design simulations of the chaotic oscillator are provided for the 0.35 μ m CMOS technology. Post-layout and process–voltage–temperature (PVT) variation simulations demonstrate robustness of the multi-scroll chaotic attractors. Finally, we highlight the synchronization of two seven-scroll attractors in a master–slave topology by generalized Hamiltonian forms and observer approach. Simulation results show that the synchronized CMOS chaotic oscillators are robust to PVT variations and are suitable for chaotic secure communication applications.
Highlights
Chaotic systems have been studied for a long time and nowadays many examples of electronic implementations using discrete devices can be found in the literature
The goal of this article is the introduction of a current-mode PWL function to design the chaotic oscillator in Equation (3), using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology to program the generation of 2–7-scroll attractors
We have introduced a new CMOS current-mode programmable PWL function using 0.35 μm CMOS technology of AMS
Summary
Chaotic systems have been studied for a long time and nowadays many examples of electronic implementations using discrete devices can be found in the literature. The rest of this article shows the CMOS design of a chaotic oscillator using OTAs and a new programmable current-mode PWL function to generate up to seven scrolls. The goal of this article is the introduction of a current-mode PWL function to design the chaotic oscillator in Equation (3), using CMOS technology to program the generation of 2–7-scroll attractors. We highlight the design of a CMOS programmable current-mode PWL function to generate up to seven-scroll. This article details the CMOS design of the current-mode PWL function labeled as saturated nonlinear function (SNLF) in Figure 2, which shows the OTA-capacitor (gm − C) implementation of Equation (3), where the state variables are x1 , x2 and x3.
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