Abstract
In this study mechanical properties of PVC mixtures (PVC, stabilizer, lubricant, filler) such as tensile strength, tensile elongation, breaking strength, and breaking elongation were investigated. Unmodified calcite, as well as calcite modified by stearic acid, were used as fillers in wet and dry processes. The PVC mixtures containing the calcite modified by wet procedure have better mechanical properties compared to those with the calcite modified by the dry process. Tensile and breaking strength of the PVC mixture containing the calcite modified with 1.5% stearic acid using wet process, are higher for 2.8% and 5.2%, respectively, compared to the PVC mixture containing the calcite modified with the same amount of acid used in the dry process. The tensile strength difference between the mixtures increases with the increase of the concentration of used stearic acid up to 3%. The strength of PVC mixture with the calcite modified by wet process is 3.1% higher compared to the mixture containing calcite modified by dry process. The results showed that the bonding strength between calcite and the adsorbed organic component affected tensile strength, tensile elongation and breaking strength of the PVC mixtures. The best filler was obtained by wet modification using 1.5% stearic acid solution that provided the formation of a stearate monolayer chemisorbed on calcite. The PVC mixtures containing the calcite modified by wet process using 1.5% stearic acid solution exhibited the best mechanical properties. This calcite was completely hydrophobic with dominant chemically adsorbed surfactant, which means that stearate chemisorbed on calcite provided stronger interaction in the calcite-stearic acid-PVC system.
Highlights
Tako PVC mešavina koja sadrži kalcit modifikovan sa 1,5% stearinske kiseline mokrim postupkom, a koja ima veću zateznu čvrstoću, ima i za 0,5% manje zatezno izduženje u odnosu na PVC mešavinu sa kalcitom modifikovanim suvim postupkom pri istoj koncentraciji kiseline
This calcite was completely hydrophobic with dominant chemically adsorbed surfactant, which means that stearate chemisorbed on calcite provided stronger interaction in the calcite-stearic acid-PVC system
Summary
Među velikim brojem različitih dodataka koji se koriste prilikom proizvodnje polivinilhlorida (PVC) značajno mesto zauzima skup posebnih dodataka pod zajedničkim nazivom punioci za PVC. Na primeru polivinil-hlorida kao polimera bez punioca na slici 1 prikazano je kidanje Van der Valsovih veza između dva lanca PVC-a pod dejstvom sile istezanja. Čvrstoću pri zatezanju polimerne mešavine određuje mnogo faktora uključujući i orijentaciju (položaj) čestica punioca u polimeru kao i interakcije koje nastaju na granici polimer/punilac. Imajući u vidu da se krečnjak kod koga je površinski modifikovan kalcit dodaje PVC-u sa ciljem poboljšanja mehaničkih osobina finalnog proizvoda, u ovom radu je ispitivano koja PVC mešavina ima bolja mehanička svojstva u zavisnosti od toga da li je modifikovanje kalcita vršeno suvim ili mokrim postupkom i pri kojoj koncentraciji stearinske kiseline. Na PVC mešavinama ispitivane su mehaničke osobine koje mogu da budu pokazatelji kvaliteta finalnog proizvoda, kao što su: zatezna čvrstoća, zatezno izduženje, prekidna čvrstoća i prekidno izduženje
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