PVC doped with BiNi0.1Fe0.9O3 nano-sized perovskites: Preparation, physical, dielectric properties as well as γ-ray absorption and buildup factors

Abstract

In this work, multiferroic BiNi0.1Fe0.9O3 nanoparticles (NPs) has been fabricated by Sol-gel process, then six nanocomposities (NCs) sheets of PVC/x (BiNi0.1Fe0.9O3): x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, and 10.0 wt% were produced by means of the solution casting process. The produced sheets coded as pure PVC, PVC/0.5(BiNiFeO3), PVC/1.0(BiNiFeO3), PVC/3.0(BiNiFeO3), PVC/5.0(BiNiFeO3), and PVC/10.0(BiNiFeO3). X-ray diffraction (XRD), physical, dielectric properties, and γ-ray attenuation capacity have been investigated. The dielectric properties of the investigated NCs sheets were tested at 1 V with a range of frequencies from 50 Hz to 5 MHz. The Phy-X/PSD software used to calculate γ-ray shielding parameters. The density (ρ) of the prepared NCs sheets increased from 1.4051 ± 0.0001 g/cm3 to 3.2650 ± 0.0001 g/cm3. Up to 0.5 wt%, the actual part of permittivity decreased as the concentration of BiNiFeO3 NPs filler increased, but then increased as filler concentration raised. With an increase in applied field frequency, all prepared NCs sheets exhibited an increase in Ac conductivity. The sample coded as PVC/10.0(BiNiFeO3) possessed the highest values of mass-(MAC) and linear-(LAC) absorption coefficients. The half-value-layers (HVLs) decreased as the BiNiFeO3 NPs content increased in the samples. Correspondingly, (HVL)PVC/10.0(BiNiFeO3) < (HVL)PVC/5.0(BiNiFeO3) < (HVL)PVC/3.0(BiNiFeO3) < (HVL)PVC/1.0(BiNiFeO3) < (HVL)PVC/0.5(BiNiFeO3) < (HVL)Pure PVC. The effective atomic number (Zeff) has the same trend of MAC and LAC for all investigated sheets. PVC/10.0(BiNiFeO3) sheet possessed the lowest EBF and EABF values among all investigated sheets under study. Results showed that the investigated samples can be used as shields for γ-ray.