Abstract
Narrow operational voltage window can be considered as one of the greatest limitations for aqueous polymer electrolytes. Using freeze-thaw hydrogel preparation method we have synthesized wider potential window electrolytic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Na2SO4 and PVA/K2SO4 electrolytes. Supercapacitors (SC) have been assembled using novel porous polyisoprene and carbon black composite electrodes. Our SC exhibit pressure sensitive properties therefore this effect is deeper explored here, giving explanation for capacitance increase during pressure application. It is found that up to 2 MPa the capacitance increases due to greater interface between electrode and electrolyte.
Highlights
Supercapacitors (SC) are short term energy storage devices which are used to give fast energy boosts when needed
We have previously demonstrated that instability of capacitance under mechanical load can be successfully used for pressure sensing [6]
Porous electrode materials Electro-conductive composite material was created by mixing polyisoprene rubber (PI) solution in chloroform with conductive carbon particles and blowing agent ChKhZ-5 particles dispersed in chloroform
Summary
Supercapacitors (SC) are short term energy storage devices which are used to give fast energy boosts when needed. Flexible solid-state SC have extra advantages like possibility to use them in flexible electronics as well as the absence of liquid electrolyte [1,2,3]. The majority of flexible solid-state SCs can operate in a relatively narrow voltage window limiting the practical use of these devices. It has been stated that wider operational voltage window can be achieved using alkali metal salts as ion sources, e.g. Na2SO4 [4, 5]. One of the characteristics determined for SC devices is the ability to sustain stable capacitance during mechanical deformation. We have previously demonstrated that instability of capacitance under mechanical load can be successfully used for pressure sensing [6]. Mechanical load can decrease distance between electrodes, in case of piezoresistive material it can increase or decrease resistance of electrode, change the dielectric permittivity of layer between electrodes or facilitate greater interface between electrode and electrolyte
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