Abstract
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have become a topic of high research interest due to the excellent mechanical properties that can be found in this new type of materials. However, their functional properties are usually modest when compared to conventional materials. The discovery of high-entropy alloys with an optimal combination of mechanical and functional properties would be a leap forward in the reliability of devices that use them as functional elements. This Research Update focuses on magnetocaloric HEAs, showing that a directed search strategy allows us to improve their performance in a significant way, closing the pre-existing gap between magnetocaloric HEAs and high-performance magnetocaloric materials. Further challenges that remain in this line of research are highlighted.
Highlights
Metallurgy is circa five millennia old, and for the vast majority of its past, it has mainly focused on designing new alloys by adding minor amounts of elements to one or two main constituents
This current Review focuses on the state-of-the-art of magnetocaloric high-entropy alloys (HEAs), highlighting the motivation of their development and putting their performance in the context of conventional highperformance magnetocaloric materials
Other figures of merit used for comparison among magnetocaloric materials, including HEAs, include refrigerant capacity (RC), relative cooling power (RCP), and temperature averaged entropy change (TEC)
Summary
Metallurgy is circa five millennia old, and for the vast majority of its past, it has mainly focused on designing new alloys by adding minor amounts of elements to one or two main constituents. The possibilities of finding new element combinations that cause a significant enhancement of the materials’ properties are getting exhausted, which motivates the search for radically new approaches for alloy development. This change of philosophy arrived with the concept of high-entropy alloys (HEAs), which utilize multiple principal elements (five or more) in relatively high concentrations to form materials with a high entropy of mixing (ΔSmix). HEAs encompass a vast compositional space, which provides a large window of promising opportunities for discovery of new alloys with valuable properties. There are two widely accepted ways of defining HEAs based on the configurational entropy and composition requirements.
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