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Abstract
Treatment of certain diseases requires the administration of drugs at specific areas of tissues and/or organs to increase therapy effectiveness and avoid side effects that may harm the rest of the body. Drug targeting is a research field that uses various techniques to administrate therapies at specific areas of the body, including magnetic systems able to drive nano “vehicles”, as well as magnetically labeled molecules, in human body fluids and tissues. Most available actuation systems can only attract magnetic elements in a relatively small workspace, limiting drug target applications to superficial tissues, and leaving no alternative cases where deep targeting is necessary. In this paper, we propose an electromagnetic actuation system able to push and deflect magnetic particles at distance of ~10 cm, enabling the manipulation of magnetic nano- and microparticles, as well as administration of drugs in tissues, which are not eligible for localized drug targeting with state-of-the-art systems. Laboratory experiments and modeling were conducted to prove the effectiveness of the proposed system. By further implementing our device, areas of the human body that previously were impossible to treat with magnetically labeled materials such as drugs, cells, and small molecules can now be accessible using the described system.
Highlights
The remote manipulation of nano- and microparticles attracts researchers from various scientific fields
A second alternative of magnetic manipulation relies on the use of electromagnets which enable the possibility to fine-tune or switch on/off the generated magnetic field
We present the design of an actuation system able to manipulate magnetic particles at relatively big distances from its cores without the need for moving parts
Summary
The remote manipulation of nano- and microparticles attracts researchers from various scientific fields. Permanent magnets propagate high-gradient magnetic fields able to retain magnetic particles in relatively small distances (up to 5 cm); the propagated field intensity cannot be adjusted Their clinical applications are limited, e.g., for retaining magnetically responsive materials at small distances. Many attempts were made to manipulate magnetic agents for clinical purposes such as the Octomag [13] or the Mag-μBot system [14] All these systems can only attract magnetically labeled items because of the paramagnetic nature of magnetic nano- and microparticles. Electromagnetic driving devices designed and developed by Probst et al and Bijarchi et al were proposed recently [18,19] These electromagnetic devices with adjustable magnetic gradients cannot manipulate magnetic microdroplets at human body working distances
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