Abstract
To investigate the behavior of various steel anchors, push-out tests were performed for 13 test specimens. Test parameters included the geometry of beams (wide-flange beams and composite beams) and the type of steel anchors (stud anchors and Z- and C-channel anchors with full- or partial-length welding). Test results showed that the performance of test specimens strongly depends on the types of steel anchors rather than the geometry of steel beams. The specimens with C-channel anchors showed the highest load-carrying capacity but the most drastic load reduction after the peak load. The specimens with Z-channel anchors showed a similar behavior to those with C-channel anchors but the load reduction occurred at a slightly slower rate. The load-carrying capacity was increased with the length of the Z- and C-channel anchors. The specimens with stud anchors reached the peak load at a slow rate and showed the most ductile behavior. The test results were compared with predictions by various design equations for steel anchors available in the literature, and the existing design equations for channel anchors with partial-length welding were considered applicable to design.
Highlights
Steel–concrete composite members show high load-carrying capacity, high local stability, and high stiffness due to the composite action of steel and concrete [1,2]
[12] carried out push-out tests using L, C, and T-channel anchors and found that the test failed by the tensile fracture of steel anchors, crushing of concrete, or shear failure of specimens failed by the tensile fracture of steel anchors, crushing of concrete, or shear concrete, and the failure modes were affected by the shape and direction of the steel failure of concrete, and the failure modes were affected by the shape and direction of the anchors and the strength of concrete
Test parameters were combined and each test specimen was referred to by a designation which includes these two test parameters: in the designation, the numerals after UO refer to the depth of the concrete-filled U-shaped flange, and the numerals after Z and C refer to the length of the Z- and C-channel anchors
Summary
Steel–concrete composite members show high load-carrying capacity, high local stability, and high stiffness due to the composite action of steel and concrete [1,2]. To achieve the desired composite action or to transfer longitudinal shear between steel and concrete, steel anchors or shear connectors should be provided at the interface between the steel and concrete [1,3]. For this purpose, steel-headed stud anchors (hereafter, stud anchors) have been most widely used, but recently steel shape anchors such as C-, L-, T- and Z-channels (hereafter, channel anchors collectively) have gained popularity since conventional welding equipment can be used and the required performance can be obtained with a smaller number of connectors [3,4].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
