Abstract
Pakistan came into existence following independence from India, in 1947. With a population of 220 892 340 people, it is the fifth most populous country in the world. Gross domestic product (GDP) in Pakistan was US$263·7 billion in 2020, with a per capita GDP of $1194, ranking 181st in the world. Pakistan ranks 154th on the human development index, with a score of 0·557. Spending on health is currently $43 per capita. The International Agency for Research on Cancer estimates that more than 178 000 new cancer cases are diagnosed every year in Pakistan, and there are more than 117 000 cancer deaths annualy.
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